Question

Discuss the importance of Organic compounds and their reactions in the modern industries such as agriculture and pharmaceutical industry.

Answer 1

Pharmaceutical science is a major field. It involves different areas of science, which are used to bring out pharmaceutical drug compounds. Computational chemistry involved with the design of new chemical compounds as drugs. Pharmaceutical chemistry and Organic chemistry are involved in the preparation of pharmaceutical drugs. Analytical chemistry involves the quality control and analysis of the pharmaceuticals. Pharmaceutics address the problems in making drug formulations like capsules, tablets, injections etc. The area of pharmacology deals with the study of the efficacy and toxicities of newly designed pharmaceutical compounds.

Fertilizer is any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin that is added to a soil to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants. A recent assessment found that about 40 to 60% of crop yields are attributable to commercial fertilizer use.

Fertilizers can be divided into two categories: organic and inorganic. Organic fertilizers are derived from living systems and include animal manure,fish and bone meal, and compost. These organic fertilizers are decomposed by microorganisms in the soil to release their nutrients for use by plants. Chemical fertilizers are less complex and have high concentrations of chemicals that may be in short supply in the soil namely nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur. Fertilizers also provide micro nutrients which are required in much smaller quantities namely boron, chlorice, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum and zinc.