Question

This description, "the synthesis of organic compounds from inorganic compounds, using energy stored in the inorganic material (ie sulfur, ammonia, hydrogen), with energy released during oxidation" refers to which process below?

a. chemosynthesis

b. heterotroph

c. photosynthesis

d. cellular respiration

What type of organism is described by this statement: "plant-like, often single-celled, photosynthesizes, an autotroph, forms the base of the ocean food web"

a. chemosynthesizer

b. heterotroph

c. zooplankton

d. phytoplankton

Answer 1

1)This description,"the synthesis of organic compounds from inorganic compounds,using energy stored in the inorganic material(ie sulfur,ammonia,hydrogen)with energy released during oxidation"refers to which process below?

Ans = a) Chemosynthesis

Chemosynthesis refers to the synthesis of the organic compounds by bacteria or the other living organisms using the energy that is derived from the reactions involving the inorganic chemicals,mainly in the absence of sunlight.Methane will be used as a source of energy.Chemosynthesis occrs at the heart of the deep sea communities,sustains the life in extreme darkness,in which the area where sunlight does not penetrate.The most extensive ecosystem of chemosynthesislie in the under sea hot springs.

Other options are explained below;

b)heterotroph=heterotrophs are the organism that cannot make their own food,they will rely on the other organism such as plants and animals for food.

c)photosynthesis= It is the process used by the plants synthesize their food using sunlight and other sources.

d)cellular respiration = this is the metabolic reaction that take place in the cell of the organisms to convert the biochemical energy from nutrients to ATP.

2)What type of organism is described by this statement "plant like ,often single celled,photosynthesizes,an autotroph,forms the base of the ocean food web"

Ans =d) Phytoplankton

These are the key parts of ocean.They are the autotrophs of the plankton comunity.They are the agents of primary production. ie,... the creation of organic compounds from the carbon dioxide dissolved in water.This process sustains the aquatic food web.Phytoplankton obtains energy by the process of photosynthesis,so they live in the surface layer of an ocean,sea other water bodies.

Other options are explained below ;

a)chemosynthesizer =they absorbs compounds that contain sulfur,iron,and nitrogen and get their energy through oxydation process.(instead of using solar energy)

b)hetrotroph=they cannot produce their own food,they rely on other organism for food

c)zooplankton=they are heterotropic planktons.Includes small protozoans and large metazoans.(jellyfish,cnidarians etc)