Question

1. Differentiate between the main types of photosynthetic autotrophs. Now, explain the general importance of photosynthetic organisms to the biosphere.

2. Differentiate among the types of energy. Now, explain in general terms the ways that organisms convert energy from one form to another and the efficiency with which they do it.

Answer 1

1. Plants, cyanobacteria and algae are the main types of photosynthetic autotrophs. Plants and algae are multicellular organisms, the first ones live mainly in land and the second ones live in acuatic ecosystems. The cyanobacteria are unicellular organisms who live in acuatic ecosystems. The photosynthetic organisms are really important as they are the ones who alloud other beings live, as they serve as food to them. Also, they are important as they turn carbon dioxide into oxygen. A lot of organisms, like us, use oxygen to live.

2. Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds of chemical compunds and it is freed when the reactions of atoms happen. The thermal is the internal energy of a thermodinamic system in equilibrium, it is determined by the activeness of the atoms. The kinetic is the one present in all moving objects, is the work needed to move an object to a specific speed. Potential energy is the one present in all resting objects. The electrical energy is the one product of the movement of electrons. Gravitational energy is the energy stored in the height of an object. Radiant energy is the energy contain in electromagnetic waves. Sound energy is released from vibrating objects. Organisms use chemical reactions to convert types of energy from one to another, with high efficiency using usually using proteins like enzymes to have the energy for survival.