Question

In: Chemistry

Antacid tablets contain a variety of bases such as NaHCO3, MgCO3, CaCO3, and Mg(OH)2. Only NaHCO3...

Antacid tablets contain a variety of bases such as NaHCO3, MgCO3, CaCO3, and Mg(OH)2. Only NaHCO3 has appreciable solubility in water. In parts 1 - 4, write a balances net ionic equation, including states of matter, for the reaction of each antacid with aqueous HCl. Then in part 5 choose the best statement to describe antacids.

Part 1

a) Write the net ionic equation for NaHCO3 + HCl

b)Write the net ionic equation for MgCO3 + HCl

c)Write the net ionic equation for CaCO3 + HCl

d)Write the net ionic equation for Mg(OH)2 + HCl

Part b

Choose the best answer to explain how insoluble substances can act as effective antacids. Choose one:

a)Even as a solid, the antacid will react with H+ to neutralize the acid The volume of the solid decreases the acid concentration,

b)causing the pH to rise.

c)A small portion of the solid dissolves and neutralizes the acid

Solutions

Expert Solution

Part-1: For better understanding let's first write Complete ionic equation and then write net ionic equation by canceling the common terms on both side.   

a) Complete ionic equation:

Na+(aq) + HCO3-(aq) + H+(aq) + Cl-(aq) ----> Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) +  H2O + CO2

Net ionic equation:

HCO3-(aq) + H+(aq) ----> H2O(l) + CO2(g)

b)

Mg2+(aq) + CO3--(aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) ----> Mg2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Net ionic equation:

CO3--(aq) + 2H+(aq) ----> H2O(l) + CO2(g)

c)

Ca2+(aq) + CO3--(aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) ----> Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Net ionic equation:

CO3--(aq) + 2H+(aq) ----> H2O(l) + CO2(g)

d) Mg(OH)2 + 2H+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) ----> Mg2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + 2H2O(l)

Net ionic equation:

2OH-(aq) + 2H+(aq) ------> 2H2O(l)

Part-b)

Even though the many anti-acids are insoluble or less soluble, however, a small amount of it goes into the solution and that reacts with water. So this solubility equilibrium is always on the right side and solid anti-acid continues to dissolve.

Thus answer is opiton c) A small portion of the solid dissolves and neutralizes the acid


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