Question

In: Chemistry

1.) For an atom with an atomic number of 23 and 70 sub atomic particles

1.) For an atom with an atomic number of 23 and 70 sub atomic particles
a.) How many electrons are present in this atom?
b.) How many neutrons are there in this atom?

2.) How is Fluorine's mass 19.000 amu and Cholrine's mass 35.45 amu? Explain why and how this is possible.

3) What is the MAJOR difference between the mass of an isotope and the atomic mass of an element (the answer isn't "it's on the periodic table")

4.) Give the chemical symbol:
a.) An Gallium atom that lost three electrons _ How many valence electrons?

Expert Solution

Ans 1 :

a) The atomic number is the number of protons in an element, which is equal to number of electrons present.

So number of electrons = 23

b) Now since protons = electrons = 23

So number of neutrons = 70 - 23 - 23

= 24

Ans 2 :

The atomic number of F is 9 , so 9 protons and it has 10 neutrons , so the mass of fluorine is 9 + 10 = 19.000 amu.

The chlorine element has two isotopes , which have different atomic masses.

The average atomic mass of chlorine i.e. 35.45 amu is the sum of the isotopic masses , each multiplied with their natural abundance.

Ans 3 :

An element may have more than one isotopes , having different masses. So the atomic mass of each isotope will be different based on the presence of number of its neutrons.

The atomic mass of the element is the average of these isotopic masses , relative to their natural abundance.

Ans 4 :

The chemical symbol of gallium ion will be given as : Ga³⁺

Ans a)

Gallium loses its three electrons from the 4rth shell , and is now left with 18 electrons in its 3rd shell.

So technically now it has 18 valence electrons.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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