Question
In: Biology
Describe the process of mitosis, and its role in the cell life cycle.
Describe the process of mitosis, and its role in the cell life cycle.
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Expert Solution
Answer=
process of mitosis- mitosis is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
mitosis is divided into 5 phases:
1.Interphase=
The DNA in the cell is copied in preparation for cell division,this results in two identical full sets of chromosomes.
outside of nucleus there are 2 centromeres,each containing a pair of centrioles,these structures are critical for the process of cell division.
during interphase,microtubules extend from these centrosomes.
2] Prophase= The chromosomes condense into X-shaped structures that can easily seen under a microscope.
each chromosome is composed of two sister chromatides ,containing identical genetic information.
The chromosomes pair up so that both copies of chromosome are together.
At the end of prophase the membrane around the nucleus in the cell dissolves away releasing the chromosomes.
The mitotic spindle,consisting of the microtubules & other proteins ,extends across the cell between the centrioles as they move to opposite poles of the cell.
3.Metaphase= The chromosomes line up neatly end-to end along the center of the cell.
The centrioles are now at opposite poles of the cell with the mitotic spindle fibres extending from them.
The mitotic spindle fibres attach to each of the sister chromatids.
4.Anaphase:
The sister chromatids are then pulled apart by the mitotic spindle which pulls one chromtid to one pole & the other chromatid to the opposite pole.
5.Telophase=
At each pole of the cell a full set of chromosomes gather together.
A membrane forms around each set of chromosomes to create two new nuclei.this process called as cytokinesis.
Role of mitosis in cell cycle= for growth and to replace worn out cells.
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