Question

Discuss why we would expand the idea of hypothesis testing to two populations. Can you provide an example of this type of hypothesis testing?

Answer 1

we would expand the idea of hypothesis testing to two populations.because

Two-sample hypothesis testing is statistical analysis designed to test if there is a difference between two means from two different populations.

Example------

a two-sample hypothesis could be used to test if there is a difference in the mean salary between male and female doctors in the New York City area......

This above mentioned example is an example of independent samples test.

For a paired samples case, the observations are taken on the same individual.

Two samples are independent if the sample values selected from one population
are not related or somehow paired or matched with the sample values selected
from the other population.

Two samples are dependent(or consist of matched
pairs) if the members of one sample can be used to determine the members of
the other sample.
Tricks: The words like dependent, repeated, before and after, matched pairs,
paired and so on are hints for dependent samples. In addition, if a row or a
column in a chart of a question titled as subjectsuch as “person” or “employee”,
it tells you that the samples are dependent.

Note-if there is any understanding problem regarding this please feel free to ask via comment box..thank you