Question

The promoter region in bacteria is called the -35 and -10 region.

True or False

Answer 1

The right option is True

Basic concept: A promoter of a gene is a region of DNA sequences that initiate transcription. Promoters are an essential component for transcription because they control the binding of RNA polymerase to gene. When RNA polymerase binds to the gene, it transcribes DNA to mRNA which is finally translated into a functional protein. Thus the promoter region plays a role in controls of the gene expression.

Promoter region consists of three portions: Core promoter, proximal promoter and distal promoter.

Core promoter: This region is located most proximal to the start codon and it contains the binding site for RNA polymerase, TSS, and TATA box.

Proximal promoter: This is located further upstream from the core promoter which contains primary regulatory elements.

Distal promoter: This promoter region is upstream of the proximal promoter and contains transcription factor binding sites.

The promoter regions are different in eukaryote and prokaryote.

Promoter region in bacteria (prokaryote)

Promoters in bacteria consist of two short DNA sequences that are located at the -10 (10 bp upstream) and -35 (35 bp upstream) positions from the transcription start site (TSS). The sequence TATAAT ( called Pribnow box) is located at the -10 position and this sequence is essential for transcription initiation. The -35 position, typically consists of the sequence TTGACA and this element controls the transcription rate. The sigma factors of bacteria which assist the RNA polymerase to bind the promoter region. Each sigma factor recognizes different core promoter sequences.