In: Biology
In an extremely scientific paragraph, can someone Identify and explain the key characteristics that divide organisms into prokaryotes and eukaryotes? (More words the better)
Prokaryotes | Eukaryotes | |
DNA | DNA is present as a single circular chromosome. | DNA is present in linear chromosomes. Chromosome number varies from species to species |
Histone protein | No histone proteins are present | Histone proteins are attached to the DNA and make nucleosomes |
Nucleus | No distinct nucleus present. DNA is present in nucleoid which is the structure formed by plasma membrane | Nulceus present. DNA is present in the nucleus |
Transcription and translation | Transcription and translation are coupled and take place at the same time | Transcription and translation take place at different place at the different time |
Ribosomes | 70S ribosomes | 80S ribosome and 70S present in mitochondria and chloroplast |
RNA polymerase | Only one type of RNA polymerase present | Three RNA polymerase present. |
mRNA | Polycistronic mRNA present | Mono cistronic mRNA |
mRNA maturation | no post-transcriptional modification in mRNA | 5' CAP and poly A tail is added in the matured mRNA |