Question

what do the numbers of different proteins encoded in the genome differ from the number of genes? How can a single gene result in multiple proteins?

Answer 1

Solution: Thre important functions of a genome is, the genome must be capable of storing large amount of informations for the development of proteins. Secondly the genome must have the capacity to be copied accuratelyn, and the third feature is the genetic material must encode the trait(protein). It is one of the important function of the genome to copy complex information within their nucleotides into the language of amino acids. The gene density and complexity of organisms have sometimes inverse relationship. Gene density in eukaryotic organisms is comparitively lower and show high variability. Then how could it be possible to produce huge number of proteins with limited genes? The answer lies in the different modifications, the cell adopt to synthesize varieties of proteins. The cell often synthesize differnt proteins from same gene. One method is through a modification process called as splicing. Splicing is the process through which the exons oof eukaryotic mRNAs are brought together by the removal of unwantd junk regions called as introns. The variability in protein production is due to two different kinds of slpicing called as alternative splicing and trans splicing. In alternative spicing different exons of same gene are shuffeled to get desired proteins. On the other hand in trans splicing exons from different genes are shuffeled together. Certain protozoans widely exhibit transsplicing.