In: Biology
1.Here short hair is dominant to long hair. So the allele for short here will supress the charecter of the long hair. If there is one allele for short hair , the phenotype will be short hair. Two coppy of the long haire allele must be need to produce long hair offspring.
2. Here there are two cats . We know the genotype of one but not the others. So to identify the genotype of the unknown cat we must do a test cross. Test cross is performed with a homozygous recessive known genotype with the unknown genotype. Here the female with long haired is to be crossed with a stray cat. Hence it is a test cross.