Question

Briefly describe one way in which behavioral biology aids in the reintroduction of captive-bred animals to wild habitats

Answer 1

A)Behaviour is also defined more narrowly as a change in activity of animal in response to a stimulus it includes the way how one animals behave with the other animal.it is a study of biology and evolutionary bases for behaviour. Ethology is a field of basic biology it focus on the behaviour of diverse organisms in their natural environment.

two kind of behaviors innate and learned where as innate behaviour is genetically transformed based on evolution its inherited to organism by its parents.learned are not inherited they develop during the lifetime of organism based on their experience and environmental changes

Excessive inactivity in captive primates is a common problem in zoos and an issue that managers attempt to address with cage design, enrichment food and non-food and environmental stimuls . Wild ring-tailed lemurs spend over 50% of their time in inactive behaviors such as resting and grooming.The remainder of their time is spent engaged in active behaviors, such as foraging and traveling . Because captive animals do not have the same opportunity to engage in more active behaviors, we expect to see differences. However, activity level can be used to assess whether the captive environment provides levels of stimuli that encourage the expression of skills such as foraging and climbing. Lemurs in captivity do not have access to the same foraging and traveling opportunities as wild or free ranging groups. Therefore, it was predicted that

1) lemurs in captivity would spend significantly more time inactive than wild lemurs. However, assessing inactivity level in conjunction with certain speciesspecific behaviors provides a more complete assessment of captive lemur behavior. In ring-tailed lemurs, sunning is one such behavior. Wildlife management is concerned with manipulating and exploiting wild species to achieve a desired end while ensuring their persistence and availability. Because management is often a component of conservation strategies, incorporating knowledge of animal behavior into wildlife management has potential for improving the outcomes of conservation projects.Because an animal's survival and reproductive success relies on its behavior, knowledge of behavior is essential in actively reversing the decline of imperiled wild species. Knowledge of behavior can be used to reduce bycatch of fish species, reestablish breeding populations, or boost reproduction. Understanding the behavior of fish has helped reduce bycatch by improving the selectivity

Captive breeding and reintroductions of endangered species are becoming more common and necessary for the conservation of some species.wild animals in a captive setting requires behavioral understanding of factors such as mate choice, social structure, and environmental influences on mating.Many captive breeding and reintroductions have failed due to behavioral deficiencies of released animals because many times captive animals lack natural parental care or other environmental influences during critical learning periods. Animals need to learn a variety of behaviors that may be difficult to replicate in captive settings, including how to forage or catch prey, where it is safe to sleep, how to avoid predators, and intraspecies relationships and traditions.[Captive breeding programs often inadvertently alter behaviors of animals including interfering with normal patterns of mate selection, creating inappropriate social conditions, antipredator behavior,

Captive breeding and subsequent re-introduction of a threatened species is an important and in some cases very successful tool for species conservation. Critics point to the need to conserve/restore habitat, list examples of failures, decry the cost, and argue we should rescue species before they are on the brink of oblivion. Fair enough. But, captive breeding saved the bison. Wolves roam Yellowstone and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, the Peregrine Falcon is off the endangered species list, golden-lion tamarins thrive in the Brazilian forests, whooping cranes perform their mating dances along river banks in the west, and many more species might similarly be rescued. Zoos, botanical gardens and aquaria have found new purpose and direction, providing a safety net when other protective measures have failed.

Ex situ conservation: captive breeding, gene and seed banks, zoos and aquaria and all other forms of maintaining species artificially and off-site. Contrasts with in situ methods such as parks and habitat management.

Reintroductions: releasing captive born animals where they once existed. Only successful after you have corrected the cause of the original population decline.

Translocations: moving wild-born animals from one place to another. This is done when the wild population is in imminent danger of extinction due to habitat alteration. One of Michigan's three populations of endangered redside dace was about to be wiped out by the installation of a new sewage treatment plant which would discharge lethal levels of ammonia into the section of the small creek where the fish live. In a last-ditch effort, a few concerned scientists gathered some fish and translocated them to Flemming Creek in the Botanical Gardens, where a small population established successfully