Question

Insulin is a “high alert” medication. This means that (circle one):

1. The medication is used for acute or emergency therapy.
2. The medication has abuse potential.
3. The medication treats a serious disease.
4. The medication has a high risk of patient harm, if dosed in error.

Often, insulin dosing is described as “prandial” or “basal”. What does “prandial” mean?

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Insulin is available in regular, fast-acting, and long-acting formulations.

• Name a fast-acting insulin formulation (brand or generic):

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• Name a long-acting insulin formulation (brand or generic):

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What oral medication (in the biguanide class) is commonly prescribed as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, because of its favorable side effect profile, ability to increase sensitivity to insulin, and relatively strong reduction of HbA1c (as well as certain generally desirable effects including weight loss, decreased serum lipids, and lower blood pressure)?

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Match the following diabetes medications with their drug classes:

_____ pioglitazone       a. DPP-4 inhibitors

_____ glyburide            b. SGLT2 inhibitors

_____ metformin c. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)

_____ nateglinide         d. Incretin agonists

_____ sitagliptin            e. Meglitinides

_____ exenatide           f. Biguanides

_____ canagliflozin      g. Sulfonylureas

Answer 1

1. Why insulin is a high alert medication?

The medication has a high risk of patient harm if dosed in error. The other options are incorrect. Insulin is not used in acute or emergency therapy ,it has no abuse potential and it doesn't treats a serious disease.

2 Prandial means:-prandial means of or relating to meal.Prandial insulin means rapid acting or or Meal time insulin, that is this insulin to be administered 15 to 20 minutes before a meal.

3. Fast acting insulin formulations.

Generic name :-Aspart ,Brand name:-Novolog.

Generic name:-Lispro,Brand name:-Humalog.

Generic name:-Glulisine,Brand name :-Apidra.

4. Long acting insulin formulations.

Generic name:-Insulin Glargine,Brands:-Lantus,Basaglar.Toujeo.

Generic name:-Insulin detemir,Brand:-Levemir.

5. First line drug of choice in type 2 diabetes?

Metformin is the first line drug of choice in type 2 diabetes. This is only available biguanides.

6.Pioglitazone. -Thiazolidinediones.

Glyburide -Sulphonylureas.

Metformin. -Biguanides.

Nateglinide. -Meglitinides.

Sitagliptin. -DPP- 4 inhibitors.

Exenatide. -Incretin agonists.

Canagliflozin -SGLT2 inhibitors.