What are the five different ways that infections are spread, provide a brief explanation of each...

What are the five different ways that infections are spread, provide a brief explanation of each and outline what PPE or infection control procedures you would use to prevent it

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Expert Solution

ANSWER :

Different ways of infection spread :

a)Airborne :

When a person coughs or sneezes droplets from nose and throat infect the other person directly( direct inhalation) or indirectly( through fomites)
Examples : Pneumococcal pneumonia , Hemophilus influenza type b , TB etc

Prevention :

Maintain social or physical distancing
Wearing mouth masks when sick
Maintaining hygiene of hand by frequent hand washing
Self isolation or quarantine when having the symptoms
Don't touch your face with unhygienic hands
Wearing PPE kit when providing care infected people

b)Feco- oral route :

Microscopic amount of feces of infected person can spread the infection
Hands , food, water or other objects soiled with feces when comes in contact to mouth can cause infection
Examples : Hepatitis A ,Giardiasis etc.

Prevention :

Environmental sanitary measures : proper excreta disposal
Proper hand washing and maintaing water and food hygiene

c)Food and water borne diseases :

Infection spread through food and water contaminated with the pathogen or toxins
Examples : Salmonella , cholera etc

Prevention :

Maintain good personal hygiene
Drink properly treated water
Wash raw vegetables properly and cook meat well in clean utensils
Environmental sanitation

d)Blood or body fluids :

When blood or body fluids of infected persons come in contact with mucous membranes or bloodstream or open woubds of another person can spread the infection
Examples : HIV ,Hepatitis B and C etc

Prevention :

Avoid contact with blood and body fluids
Cover any open wounds or cuts on skin
Use gloves , gowns and masks when providing care to infected persons
Hand washing after providing care to infected person

e)Sexually transmitted infections :

Genital to genital , oral to genital , oral or genital to rectal
Examples : Gonorrhoea , HIV ,Syphilis

Prevention :

Safe sex : using condoms
Avoid sharing undergarments and towels
Maintain proper hygiene of genitals after intercourse
Hepatitis B vaccination

Nightingale answered 1 year ago

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