Question

What are the five different ways that infections are spread, provide a brief explanation of each and

outline what PPE or infection control procedures you would use to prevent it

Answer 1

QUESTION : What are the five different ways that infections are spread,provide a brief explantaion of each and outline what PPE and infection control procedures you would use to prevent it.

ANSWER:

Five different ways that infections are spread are,

1. Airborne disease that means airborne droplets from nose and throat

• When an infected person coughs or sneezes, by the tiny airborne droplets from the person may spread infections.
• Either indirectly or directly the droplets in the air may breathed by another person and enter to the person through contact with the surfaces and hands with the droplets on them.
• There are many types of airborne disease are present such as Coronavirus and COVID-19,common cold ,chicken pox,influenza, diptheria, rubella etc.
• Corona virus or COVID-19 is also a airborne disease which is spread throgh one person to another by the airborne droplets.
• The commoncold generally caused by a rhinovirus.
• Influenza generally a flu virus which spreads easily from one person to another person.

2. Infection through sexually transmitted

• By sexual contact there are many infections are spread from one person to another.
• Generally sexual contact refers to the oral to genital, genital to anal,genital to genital contact.
• The sexually transmitted diseases are Hepatits B,HIV-Aids,Herpes,Chlamydia etc.
• Hepatitis B is a type of sexually transmitted disease which is caused by Hepatitis B virus.It is commonly spread by exposure to infected bodily fluids.
• HIV-Aids is a type of sexually transmitted disease which is damage the immune system of the human.
• Herpes is also a type of sexually transmitted disease which is transmitted by oral secretion.

3. Food or Waterborne disease that means infection through food and contaminated water

• Food or waterborne disease generally caused by bacteria that present in contaminated food and water source.
• Foodborne disease are generally refers to the food poisioning and waterborne disease generally caused by the bacteria present in water.
• The general food and waterborne diseases are Cholera,Botulism,campylobacter infection etc.
• Cholera is a type of infectious disease which is caused by Vibrio Cholerae bacterium.It is caused by eating food drinking water which is contaminated with bacteria.
• Botulism can be fatal and it spread in food or infect a wound.It is caused by toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria.

4. Infection through blood and bodyfluids

• Some infectious disease are also caused by blood or bodyfluids.It generally spreads when body fluids or the blood from an infected person come into contact with the uninfected person with the blood streams and mucous membrane.
• Body fluids like tears,vomit,sweat,urine may contain and pass on these virus when blood is present in the fluid.
• There are some disease which are caused by blood or body fluids such as Hepatits B,Hepatits C,HIV etc.
• Hepatitis C is a type of liver disease which is caused by Hepatits C virus.It is spread by blood or body fluids from an infected person to another uninfetcted person.
• Hepatits B also an viral infection which is spread by blood or body fluids.It can cause both acute and chronic disease.

5. Infection through Urine.

• Some infections may spread by urine when it is transferred from soiled objects to the mouth.
• Generally in Urine there are found some infection such as Urethritis, Cystitis, Pyelonephritis.
• The most important disease which are caused by Urine such as CMV(Cytomegalovirus Infection).
• CMV is a type of infection which is spread from an infected person by direct contact of saliva or urine and by sexual contact.

PPE or infection control procedures for prevent it:

A) Prevention procedure for airborne disease

• Avoid the close contact of the people who have the symptoms of disease.
• When cough and sneezes cover the mouth properly.
• For healthcare worker it is mandatory to wear N95 mask.
• After sneezing and coughing should be wash the hand throughly.

B) Prevention procedure for sexually transmitted disease

• When intercourse, must be use proper precautions.
• Take vaccination for Hepatitis B.
• Avoid the sharing of used towels and underclothing.
• Before and after intercourse there should be wash.

C) Prevention procedure for food or waterborne disease

• Must be drink proper treated water.
• Should be practice good personal hygiene.
• Must be use better mangement of environment.
• Daily washed of water jars and containers.
• Should be wash hands before and after preparing food or eating.

D) Prevention procedure for the disease caused by blood or body fluids

• Must be changed your gloves after each use.
• If you have cut,chapped,scraped skin on your hand, must be wear gloves.
• Always mustly wear gloves for pick items or surfaces soiled with body fluids or blood.
• After removing the gloves, must be wash your hands immediately.

E)Prevention procedure for Infection through Urine

• Should be drink plenty of water.
• Cranberry juice must be drink.
• After intercourse must be empty your bladder.
• Must be changed birth control method