Question

explain the function of the spleen

Answer 1

Spleen is the largest lymph organ and its functions are as follows

1. Phagocytosis

In the spleen the old and abnormal erythrocytes are destroyed and breakdown products, bilirubin and iron are transported to the liver via the splenic and portal veins. Other cellular materials e.g. leukocytes, platelets and microbes is phagocytosed in the spleen.

2. Storage of blood

The spleen contains unto 350 ml of blood, and in response to sympathetic stimulation can rapidly return most of this volume to the circulation. E.g. in haemorrhage

3. Immune response

The spleen contains T- and B- lymphocytes, which are activated by the presence of antigens, e.g. in infection. Lymphocyte proliferation during serious infection can cause enlargement of the spleen (splenomegaly)

4. Erythropoiesis

The spleen and liver are important sites of foetal blood cell production and the spleen can also fulfil this function in adults in times of great need.