Question

Bacteriophages viruses infect bacterial cells. Ocassionally during viral assembly,host cell DNA is accidently incorporated into the new viral particle instead of phage DNA. THe newly formed bacteriophage particle transfers this DNA to another bacterial cell. What is this process called?

1 conjugation

2 transformation

3 transduction

4 binary fission

5 Abduction

Answer 1

Bacteriophage viruses infect bacterial cells. Occasionally during viral assembly, host cell DNA is accidentally incorporated into the new viral particle instead of phage DNA. The newly formed bacteriophage particle transfers this DNA to another bacterial cell. This process is known as Transduction.

In transduction, DNA is transferred from one bacteria to another bacteria by a bacteriophage (bacteria infecting virus). In this process, DNA of the host bacteria gets incorporated with the viral particle and now this newly formed bacteriophage particle is transferred to another bacterial cell when the bacteriophage initiated another cycle of infection.

Conjugation- Transfer of genetic material from one bacteria to the other through direct contact.

Transformation- In this process, bacteria take-up foreign genetic material from the surrounding through the cell membrane. Now this exogenous genetic material gets incorporated with host DNA.

Binary fission- This is a process of cell division in a bacterial cell. It is similar to the mitosis in eukaryotic cells.

Abduction- In anatomy, it is a type of movement in which draws a limb away from the median sagittal plane of the body.