Question

Describe the unique physical and chemical properties of water. Discuss the formation of hydrogen bonds. How is the fact that water molecules form hydrogen bonds related to the physical and chemical properties of water? Include a brief description of the biological implications of these properties.

Answer 1

• water is odourlss and tasteless chemical compound.it contains two hyrogen and one oxygen atom covalently bondeded.it chmical formulae is H₂O. it appears in 3states of matter.its boiling point is 100^oC and melting point is 0^oC.water is called as universal solvent, because it can dissolve a large no of compounds init.
• water is polar in nature.because due to elctronegativity diference, oxygen contains slight negative charge and hydrogen contains slight positive charge.it has low electrical conductivity.water has high molar specific heat capacity and heat of vaporisation.
• when water converts to solid state from liquid state its density deceases and volume incresess.because there is vacant space in the arrangement of watermolecule in solid state,so it becomes less denser.also the water molecules more spread out in solid state due to its lattice arrangement. p^H of pure water is 7.
• water shows intermolecular hydrogen bonding.this is due to the electroststic attraction between the nighbouring molecules of water.the negatively charged oxygen atom of one molecule will exert an attraction tothe positively charged hydrogen of neighbouring molecule. hydrogen bonding is due to the polar nature of water molecule.
• due to hydrogen bonding water have high boiling point.water's high surface tension is due to hydrogen bonding water of water molecules. also many compounds dissolve in water due to the formation of hydrogen bonding between them.
• due to the colourlss or transparent nature light can pass through water ,so aquatic plants can grow in water bodies.the capillary force of water is due to hydrogen bonding of water ,which help plants to reach water along with essential components in all parts of plants.the major cell components are dissolved in water.due to high molar specific heat capacity, and heat of vaporisation of water ,earth's climate becomes moderated by buffering large fluctuations in temperature.