Question

Discuss the roles of iodine, chromium, manganese, and sulfur in energy metabolism please type and at least 20 sentences.

Answer 1

Metabolism is the chemical reaction take place within the each cell of living organism and provide energy for the vital processes for the synthesis of new organic material.Energy metabolism is defined as all the reaction that involved in generating energy from the nutrients, including aerobic and anaerobic respiration as well as fatty acid and aminoacid metabolism . This chemical reaction take place inside the cells including the using energy and releasing energy are the cell metabolism.Metabolism enhance the function in the presence or absence of oxygen.

. The role of iodine in energy metabolism as iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones,thyroxine and triodothyronine .Iodine is essential micronutrient in human nutrition and animal.The iodine nutrition can be acheived through diet.After intaking the iodine foods such as some breads,dairy products,iodised salts it goes to digestion and absorption and after that it released iodine and enters the plasma iodine .The plasma iodine taken up by the thyroid gland or excreted by the kidney.And this thyroid hormone increase the energy production,increases the ,lipolysis . Iodine help to regulate the basal energy metabolism and reproduction.Milk and egg is the adequate intake for the iodine nutrition.Deficiency of iodine intake causes thyroid enlargement and goiter.

. The role of chromium in energy metabolism is that it help to metabolise the macronutrients such as proteins,carbohydrates,fats and this provide energy to the muscles and brain.Chromium is added through the diet and doesnot naturally occuring in the body.Chromium catabolise carbohydrate and fats which stimulate fatty acid and choesterol.They are important for the brain function and other body processes.And is essential to increase insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake,Glucose is the essential factor for the muscular activity and the energy can be produced aerobically or anaerobically.Chromium can also lower the concentration of glucose to muscle tissue thereby reducing the production of lactate for an exercise of the same level.

. Manganese play a role in development,digestion,reproduction,energy production and immune response. M anganese helps in the production of enzymes used for the metblism of proteins and fat.It supports the immune system,blood sugar balance and is involved in the production of cellular energy.The enzymes were hydrolysis,phosphorylation,decarboxylation and transamination.Zinc is also another cofactor which involved in energy metabolism. Manganese is a mineral found in both plant and animal mtter.Manganese is stored in liver,kidney,bones and pancreas.Manganerse is necessary for normal brain function and nerve function.Low level of manganese in the body lead to weaness,seizures,infertility,bone malformation.

. Sulphur is the most abundant mineral element found in our body.It derived from the diets,from proteins and two of the twenty aminoacid present in protein containing sulphur.Some organism can conserve energy from the oxidation of sulphur.Sulphur is the sole energy source and sulphur oxidises utilises enzymes such as sulphur dioxygenase,sulphur quinone and sulphur oxidase to oxidize sulphur component to sulphate.It is found as keratin in the hard appendages of the body that is in the cartilage,in nervous tissues such as sulpholipids,the hormone insulin is a sulphur compound,the enzyne rennin,lipase contain sulphur.Sulphur helps to the maintenance of hardness with certain amount of elasticity in various tissues of body.