On the basis of the mitochondrial electron transport and ATP synthase inhibitors (myxothaizol, FCCP, Venturicidin, and...

On the basis of the mitochondrial electron transport and ATP synthase inhibitors (myxothaizol, FCCP, Venturicidin, and Ventruicidin + FCCP) list the effects of these on the rates (decrease activity, increase activity, no activity) of oxygen consumption and ATP synthesis in a mitochondrial suspension containing all of the metabolites needed to reduce oxygen and synthesize ATP. Explain your reasoning in each case.

Expert Solution

1. Myxothaizol:- myxothaizol inhibits or blocks electron transport at the level of complex 3.so it will reduce the rate of electron flow and DECREASES ATP production.

2. FCCP- it is soluble in lipid bilayer both in protonated neutral form and in their anionic state. In anionic state ,It will pick up protons in inter membrane space and diffuse readily across mitochondrial membrane. When it enters matrix, it can release a proton in it's protonated form. This will dissipate proton gradient and inhibit ATP synthesis.since it is an uncoupling agent that uncouple oxidation from phosphorylation,it will not have effect on 02 Reduction.

3. Valinomycin- valinomycin is an ionophore which uncouple electron transtransfer from oxidative phosphorylation by disdissipating electrochemical gradient. Valinomycin makes inner mitochondrial membramembrane permeable for K+. so that movement of K+ along concentration gradient from cytosol to matrix. Thus decreases membrane potential and ATP synthesis.

4.valinomycin+ FCCP- combination of uncoupling agent FCCP and ionophore valinomycin REDUCES ATP production based on above described mechanism

gladiator answered 2 years ago

Explain how the electron transport chain is coupled to the production of ATP via ATP Synthase.

How does the electron transport chain and ATP synthase generate ATP? Where does this occur in...

How does the electron transport chain and ATP synthase generate ATP? Where does this occur in a eukaryotic cell?

1.In order for the electron transport chain and ATP synthase to function, the inner membrane of...

1.In order for the electron transport chain and ATP synthase to function, the inner membrane of the mitochondrion has to be impermeable to most solutes, especially ions. Why? 2.Would you expect a competitive or a noncompetitive inhibitor to be more similar to the natural substrate of an enzyme? Why?

Describe the mitochondrial electron transport pathway and the synthesis of ATP by mammalian mitochondria. Describe the...

Describe the mitochondrial electron transport pathway and the synthesis of ATP by mammalian mitochondria. Describe the urea cycle including its function, energy costs and regulation. If palmitic acid (16:0) labeled in C-1 were metabolized under anaerobic metabolism in mammalian tissues, what carbon atom would be tagged with 14C in what compound?

fill in sentences from the following list below ADP AGAINST ATP ATP SYNTHASE DOWN ELECTRON TRANSPORT...

fill in sentences from the following list below ADP AGAINST ATP ATP SYNTHASE DOWN ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN ELECTRONS ER INNER NADH NADPH OUTER PHOTOSYSTEMS PROTONS RUBISCO THYLAKOID The light reactions of photosynthesis use light energy to manufacture two types of energy-rich molecules: _______ and the electron carrier ________. Photons are captured by protein complexes with embedded chlorophyll molecules and other pigments. These complexes are known as ___________. One of them absorbs light most efficiently at 680 nm, the other absorbs best at...

If the orientation of the mitochondrial ATP synthase were reversed so that the F1 unit were...

If the orientation of the mitochondrial ATP synthase were reversed so that the F1 unit were on the opposite side of the inner mitochondrial membrane, and assuming that nothing else is changed in the cell, what would be the consequences to the cell? Explain in details and use a diagram to support your answer

In mitochondrial electron transport, what is the direct role of O2?

The role of O2 in electron transport In mitochondrial electron transport, what is the direct role of O2? a)to provide the driving force for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi b)to function as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain c)to oxidize NADH and FADH2 from glycolysis, acetyl CoA formation, and the citric acid cycle d)to provide the driving force for the production of a proton gradient

A mitochondrial membrane complex consisting of ATP synthase, adenine nucleotide translocase (ATP-ADP translocase), and phosphate translocase...

A mitochondrial membrane complex consisting of ATP synthase, adenine nucleotide translocase (ATP-ADP translocase), and phosphate translocase functions in oxidative phosphorylation. Adenine nucleotide translocase, an antiporter located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, moves ADP into the matrix and ATP out. Phosphate translocase is also located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It transports H ions and phosphate (H2PO4–) ions into the matrix.

The sequence of events in electron transport was elucidated in part by the use of inhibitors...

The sequence of events in electron transport was elucidated in part by the use of inhibitors that block electron transfer at specific points along the chain. For example, adding rotenone (a plant toxin) or amytal (a barbiturate) blocks electron transport in Complex I; antimycin A (an antibiotic) blocks oxidation of Q in Complex III; and cyanide (CN-) blocks electron transport in Complex IV by binding to the Fe2+in the Fe-Cu binuclear center. What happens to oxygen consumption when these inhibitors...

You can create a vesicle from the inner mitochondrial membrane that includes a functional ATP synthase...

You can create a vesicle from the inner mitochondrial membrane that includes a functional ATP synthase protein with its fully functional F0 rotor, central stalk, and F1 ATPase head. There is ATP, ADP, and Pi (inorganic phosphate) present inside and outside of the vesicle. You are allowed to mechanically spin the F0 rotor domain in the absence of protons. How would ATP levels change inside the vesicle? Briefly explain how this change occurs.

Question