Question

How does the shape and stacking of thylakoids contributes to the rate of carbon fixation by the chloroplast?

Answer 1

Solution

1. Stacking disc is for absorption light by photosynthetic antenna pigment around reaction center.disc membrane is lipid bilayer called as grana lammellae and stroma lamellae.
2. PSI, LHCI, and ATP synthase are found in the nonstacked stroma lamellae, whereas cytochrome b/f is thought to be distributed equally on both grana and stroma lamellae.
3. Light reaction carried out on grana and stroma lamellae to produce ATP and NADPH.
4. Then this two energy molecules required for dark reaction so used in stroma for sugar synthesis.
5. Embedded in the membranes of the thylakoids are hundreds of molecules of chlorophyll, a light-trapping pigment required for photosynthesis.
6. Additional light-trapping pigments, enzymes (organic substances that speed up chemical reactions), and other molecules needed for photosynthesis are also located within the thylakoid membranes.
7. The pigments and enzymes are arranged in two types of units, Photosystem I and Photosystem II. Because a chloroplast may have dozens of thylakoids, and each thylakoid may contain thousands of photosystems, each chloroplast will contain millions of pigment molecules.
8. Thylakoid membranes are pairs of membrane bilayers that enclose a lumenal space that allows for chemiosmotic energy coupling of the photosynthetic and respiratory electron transfer chains.