A Carnot cycle uses 1.00 mol of a monoatomic perfect gas as the working substance from...

A Carnot cycle uses 1.00 mol of a monoatomic perfect gas as the working substance from an initial state of 10.0 atm and 600 K. It expands isothermally to a pressure of 1.00 atm (step 1), and then adiabatically to a temperature of 300 K, (step 2). This expansion is followed by an isothermal compression (step 3), and then an adiabatic compression (step 4) back to the initial state. Determine the values of q, w, ÄU, ÄH, ÄS, and ÄSsurr for each step in the cycle and the cycle as a whole. (Express your answer as a table of values). Calculate the efficiency of an energy that uses this cycle. Actually, do this calculation two different ways and see if they agree with each other.

Expert Solution

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

A Carnot engine uses air as the working substance, receives heat at a temperature of 315oC,...

A Carnot engine uses air as the working substance, receives heat at a temperature of 315oC, and rejects it at 65oC. The maximum possible cycle pressure is 6.0MPa and the minimum volume is 0.95 liters. When heat is added, the volume increases by 250%. Determine the pressure and volume at each state in the cycle.

11. Consider a Carnot cycle with 2.25 moles of a diatomic ideal gas as the working...

11. Consider a Carnot cycle with 2.25 moles of a diatomic ideal gas as the working substance (assume Cv = 2.5*R). The following are the steps of the cycle: Step I: reversible, isothermal expansion at 300.0 °C from 10.00 L to 16.00 L. Step II: reversible, a diabatic expansion until the temperature decreases to 50.0 °C. Step III: reversible, isothermal compression at 50.0 °C. Step IV: reversible, adiabatic compression back to the initial conditions. A. Calculate q, w, ΔU, ΔH,...

Consider an engine in which the working substance is 1.23 mol of an ideal gas for...

Consider an engine in which the working substance is 1.23 mol of an ideal gas for which γ = 1.41. The engine runs reversibly in the cycle shown on the PVdiagram (see figure below). The cycle consists of an isobaric (constant pressure) expansion a at a pressure of 15.0 atm, during which the temperature of the gas increases from 300 K to 600 K, followed by an isothermal expansion b until its pressure becomes 3.00 atm. Next is an isobaric...

An engine operates in a Carnot cycle. At point A in the cycle, 2.34 mol of...

An engine operates in a Carnot cycle. At point A in the cycle, 2.34 mol of a monatomic ideal gas has a pressure of 1,400 kPa, a volume of 10.0 L, and a temperature of 720 K. The gas expands isothermally to point B and then expands adiabatically to point C, where its volume is 24.0 L. An isothermal compression brings it to point D, where its volume is 15.0 L. An adiabatic process returns the gas to point A....

A steady-flow Carnot refrigeration cycle uses refrigerant-134a as the working fluid. The refrigerant changes from saturated...

A steady-flow Carnot refrigeration cycle uses refrigerant-134a as the working fluid. The refrigerant changes from saturated vapor to saturated liquid at 40 C in the condenser as it rejects heat. The evaporator pressure is 120 kPa. Determine: (a) the amount of heat absorbed from the refrigerated space; qL = _______________ kJ/kg (b) the net work input; and wnet = ______________ kJ/kg (c) the coefficient of performance of the system. COP = _____________

Consider a Carnot-cycle heat pump with R-410a as the working fluid. Heat is rejected from the...

Consider a Carnot-cycle heat pump with R-410a as the working fluid. Heat is rejected from the R410a at 35 oC, during which process the R-410a changes from saturated vapor to saturated liquid. The heat is transferred to the R-410a at 0 oC. The specific volume during the isothermal heat addition process at 0 oC changes from 0.00841 m3 /kg to 0.02994 m3 /kg. a. Show the cycle on P-T, P-v, and T-v diagrams. b. Find the quality at the beginning...

A mole of an ideal gas goes through a cycle of a Carnot engine. Draw the...

A mole of an ideal gas goes through a cycle of a Carnot engine. Draw the pressure vs volume and entropy vs temperature planes for this cycle. What do the diagrams look like when the efficiency of the cycle is 50% and 99%. Then Calculate the work done per cycle by the gas and find the efficiency of the cycle.

A gas refrigeration cycle with a pressure ratio of 4.3 uses helium as the working fluid....

A gas refrigeration cycle with a pressure ratio of 4.3 uses helium as the working fluid. The temperature of the helium is 26°C at the compressor inlet and 50°C at the turbine inlet. Assuming isentropic efficiencies of 87 percent for both the turbine and the compressor, determine (a) the minimum temperature in the cycle, (b) the coefficient of performance, and (c) the mass flow rate of the helium for a refrigeration rate of 20 kW. ans a)198.76 b)0.574 c)0.0564. Can...

A gas refrigeration cycle with a pressure ratio of 4 uses helium as the working fluid....

A gas refrigeration cycle with a pressure ratio of 4 uses helium as the working fluid. The temperature of the helium is -6°C at the compressor inlet and 50°C at the turbine inlet. Assume isentropic efficiencies of 88 percent for both the turbine and the compressor. (Given: The properties of helium are cp= 5.1926 kJ/kg·K and k = 1.667.) FIND: a. The minimum temperature of the cycle. b. The coefficient of performance. c. the mass flow rate of the helium.

Working from first principles, derive an expression for the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas, in...

Working from first principles, derive an expression for the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas, in terms of flight velocity, specific heat at constant pressure and the ambient temperature.

Question