Question

1. Which of the following suggestions would best increase calories and protein in a malnourished client?

a. Drink water instead of sweetened drinks and juices.

b.Avoid refined grains that provide unnecessary calories.

c.Use milk instead of water when making soups, cooked cereals, etc.

d.Use protein supplements to replace meals.

2. A patient recently had surgery to remove cancerous cells from the neck and ear.  Several molars were removed from the mouth for radiation.  During the radiation, salivary glands were impaired.  Patient complains of nausea, dry mouth, and difficulty chewing.  What measures could you offer this client to improve his/her oral intakes?  Choose ALL that apply.

a.Add sauces and gravies to foods.

b.Use sour candy or gum to stimulate saliva.

c.Consume liquids throughout the day.

d.Use mouthwash to improve dryness in the mouth.

Avoid ice cream and milkshakes that are too cold for the mouth.

3. A client has colon cancer, and undergoing radiation post-surgery.  The client is experiencing malnutrition, diarrhea, and poor appetite.  What measures could you offer this client to improve his/her oral intakes? Select ALL that apply.

a.Eat small frequent meals.

b.Consume nutrient dense foods in a meal first.

c.Save liquids to drink at meal time.

d.Include bulk-forming foods such as legumes and vegetables.

4. A patient has HIV receiving aggressive drug therapy.  The patient complains that foods don’t taste right and feeling full all the time. In response, the patient has poor oral intakes.  What measures could you offer this client to improve his/her oral intakes? Select ALL that apply.

a.Consume foods chilled at room temperature.

b.Choose meat dishes instead of eggs or milk.

c.Choose smaller, more frequent meals.

d.Avoid heavy sauces, seasonings and sweeteners.

e. Drink fluids during meals.

5. The patient is several days post-surgery to remove a tumor in the throat.  The patient has swallowing difficulty resulting in poor oral intakes and weight loss.  What measures could you offer this client to improve his/her oral intakes and prevent further weight loss?

a.Use a straw to drink liquids.

b.Drink fluids during meals.

c.Avoid sauces and gravies on foods.

d. Use peanut butter on fruits to make them easier to swallow.

Answer 1

1. Answer; c) use milk instead of water when making soups, cooked cereals etc.
Reason ; In this case, the client had diagnosed with protein malnutrition, therefore it is recommended to take the diary products more instead of taking other kinds of liquid items. Therefore the above mentioned option would be the most appropriate one.

2. Answer; a) add sauce and gravies to food
b) Use sour candy or gum to stimulate saliva
c) consume liquids throughout the day.

Reason ; Among the listed measure, the above mentioned intervention are appropriate to improve the oral intake of these client. These also prevent the client from getting malnourished. Other actions are not relevant measure to improve these condition.

3. Answer; a) eat small frequent foods.
b) consume nutrient dense food in meal first.
Reason ; Here the client is experiencing diarrhea , poor appetite and malnutrition. Taking bulk foods will not help the problem of diarrhea and saving liquid until meal is not relevant to these condition. therefore the above mentioned measures are appropriate for these client.

4. Answer; c) choose smaller more frequent meals
d) Avoid heavy sauces, sweetener and seasonings.

5. Answer; a) use straw to drink liquids.
b) drink fluids during meals.