Question

71. _______, a type of antigen -antibody complex formed during a pregnancy test, while __________ a type of antigen -antibody complex formed to masked bacterial or viral exotoxins.

72. During inflammation edema is cause from ______ vessels, while redness is due to _____

73.   ________is the artificial and deliberately introduction of antigens to actively stimulate antibody secretion, while ________ is the ability to recognize antigens upon re-exposure, and mount a response.

74.   _______ and ___________are two lymphatic cells of the innate and adaptive system, that destroy infected cells by releasing chemicals that cause cytolysis and apoptosis

75. ______ is the innate defense that lyses cells, attract phagocytes and eliminate immune complexes, while _______ is process that enhances vasodilation and vessels permeability.      

Answer 1

71. During pregnancy test, blood or urine sample of the subject is evaluated for a hormone called human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) hormone. The levels of hCG is in line with pregnancy and is produced after the fertilization of an egg in the females. The sample of the subject is allowed to interact with the monoclonal antibody that is directed against hCG setup on the microtiter wells. If the sample had hCG in it, antibody-hCG-antibody enzyme complex is likely to form at the microtiter surface.

Neutralization (antibodies mask bacteria/viruses by forming complete coats around bacterial/viral toxins) neutralizing them.

72. Edema is the abnormal retention of body fluids under the skin by dependent organs like legs, hands, arms or organs like lungs, heart due to an underlying disease or drugs. Tiny vessels called capillaries leak fluids into the body tissues. Redness is due to cellulitis, a common bacterial skin disease.

73. An individual may be exposed to an antigen to induce the formation of antibodies, a type of immunity known as artificial active immunity. The material/antigen used to induce such a formation of antibodies is known as a vaccine. And vaccination develops immunization, ability to recognize antigens upon re-exposure.