Question

Prepare drugs cards that describe the following; MOA, Major Adverse Effects, Drug Interactions and Contraindications and Nursing Implications

Furosemide

Hydrochlorothiazide

Spironolactone

Captopril

Losartan

Verapamil

Nifedipine

Hydralazine

Digoxin

Answer 1

Name of the drug	MOA	Major Adverse Effects	Drug Interactions	Contraindications	Nursing Implications
Furosemide	A loop diuretic acts by inhibiting the Na-K-Cl cotransporter at the ascending site of loop of Henle	Hearing loss and dry mouth	injteracts with the aminoglycoside antibiotiocs towards the ototoxicity	Contraindicated in patient with liver cirrhosis	Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration hence dose is important, hyponatremia may occur
Hydrochlorothiazide	A thiazide diuretic reduce the Na+ reabsorption by distal convoluted tubule.	Hypotension and muscle spasm	Reduces the renal clearance of lithium	Contraindicated in case of the patient with anuria	Hypokalemia may develop
Spironolactone	antagonise the action of aldosterone	gastric cramps and bleeding	have drug interaction with digoxin. and increase the half life	may develop hyper kalemia in oatient with renal impairment	Fluid and electrolyte balance is required
Captopril	ACE inhibitor	Trachycardia and hypotension	With lithium cause toxicity	Contraindicated in diabetes	Neonatal care is required while on captopril therapy
Losartan	angiotensin II receptor antagonist	Vertigo and dyspnea	Cause lithium toxicity	In patient with hypersensitivity	Required assessment for the fetal toxicity
Verapamil	Calicium channel inhibitor	Constipation and dizziness	Increases serum concentration of digoxin	In patient with congestive heart failure	Do not use for shift workers
Nifedipine	Calicium channel inhibitor	Ankle swelling andweakness	Interacts with NSAIDs	In pregnancy	photosensitive
Hydralazine	Vasodilator	Anorexia and headache	With MAO inhibitors	In patient with rheumatic heart disease.	Numbness should be monitored
Digoxin	Inhibitin activity of NA+ - K+ enzyme (ATPase	Dizziness and headache, Diarrhea	Interacts with metformin and increase its concentration	In patient with severe bradycardia	Recommended to monitor apical pulse