Question

3 popular types of medical imaging and you will go into detail describing how they work. Compare and contrast their advantages and disadvantages.

Answer 1

3 POPULAR TYPES OF MEDICAL IMAGING IS....... 1)X-RAY 2)MRI(Magnetic resonance imaging) 3)CT (computed tomography) X-RAY - x-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation that can pass through solid objects,including the body. in medicine, x-rays are used to view images of the bones and other structures in the body. to obtain an x-ray image of a part of the body, a patient is positioned so the part of the body being x-rayed is between the source of the x-ray and x-ray detector. as the x-rays pass through the body, images appear in shades of black and white   x-rays are using in diagnose of Bonefracture, infections, calcification, some tumors, arthritis in joints, boneloss, dental issues, heart problems, digestive problems , foreign objects(such as items swallowed by children) etc.. advantages of x-ray is it can be used to produce an images of any body part, it also available as a portable x-ray unit and can be used in hospital wards, operation theatres and icu emergancy rooms. it is less costly when compared to other imaging modalities like MRI, CT, USG etc... DISADVANTAGES; x-rays makes our blood cells to have higher level of hydrogen peroxide which could cause cell damage . a higher risk of getting cancer from x-rays. the x-rays are able to change the base of the DNA causing mutation. side effect of x-ray while pregnancy is alwaysimportant, to protect the developing fetus from harm MRI - (Magnetic resonance imaging)is a noninvasive diagnostic test that takes detailed images of the soft tissues of the body.Unlike X-rays or CT  images are created by using a magnetic field radio waves and computer.This test can help diagnose tumors,strokes,and disc herniations,torn ligaments to tumors, examine brain and spinal cord, multiple sclerosis, dementia, infection etc...MRIs employ powerful magnets which produce a strong magnetic field that forces protons in the body to align with that field. when a radiofrequency current is then pulsed through the patient, the protons are stimulated, and spin out of equilibrium, straining against the pull of magnetic field. ADVANTAGES OF MRI; *it is a invasive and does not use radiation. *doen't involve radiation. *it is contrasting agent is less likely produce to allergic reaction that may occur when iodine based substances are usedfor x-rays and ct *  it gives exremely clear, detailed images of soft -tissue structures that other imaging techniques cannot achieve. *can easily create hundreds of images from almost any direction and any orientation. *unlike techniques that examine small parts of the body *can determine if a cancer has spread, and help determine the best treatment. DISADVANTAGES OF MRI; *more expensive than other *cannot always distinguise between malignent and benign *it is not painfull but the patient must remain still in an enclosed machine, which may be a problem for claustrophobic patients * un detected metal impact in patient body may be affected by the strong magnet of the mri unit.  

CT SCAN - computed tomography scan is medical imaging procedure that uses computer processed combinations of many x-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce cross sectional images of specific areas of scanned object. During CT scan , the patient lies on a bed that slowly moves through the gantry while thex-ray tube ratates around the patiemnt, shooting narrow beams of x-ray through the body. instead of filim, ct scanners use special digital x-ray detectors, which are located directly opposite the x-ray source. ADVANTAGES; pain;less, non invasivde and accurate, ability to image bone, soft tissue and blood vessels all the same time. unlike conventional x-rays , providing detailed images of ,many type of tissue. DISADVANTAGES; ct of the brain can be affected by bone near by. high doses of radiation are involved in ct scanning, chest CT scan is equivalent to 350 chest x-rays, ct abdomen to 400 chest x-rays and ct pulmonary angiography 750 chest x-rays