Question

1. What are some of the problems that could occur in communication when a peer-review process "breaks down."

2. What are some of the ways a writer can be clear to his reader when developing a research paper ?

Answer 1

1.What are some of the problems that could occur in communication when a peer-review process 'breaks down'.

Communication is the conveying of messages from sender to receiver by exchanging thoughts or information through speech, visuals, signals, writing, or behavior. Communication requires a sender, a message, and a recipient, although the receiver may not be present or aware of the sender's intent to communicate at the time of communication.

Communication breaks down, causing collaboration and progress to become impossible. There are problems that could occur in communication when a peer-review process breaks down.

SOURCE (the one who send information) should have :

*Topic knowledge

Sender should know about the depth of the topic, which will help the recipient to understand, even they are unaware of it. So the first things is to have a good and clear concept of the topic.

*Precision and accuracy of the topic

The more useful words with precise and accurate information leads a good communication. Without wasting time or words, sender should give clear and precise information.

LIMITATIONS IN ENCODING and DECODING

Ability to convey information clearly and simply, and to eliminate areas of confusion Otherwise misinterpretion can occur.

To accurately decode a message, we need to take the time to read through it carefully, or to listen actively to it.

INAPPROPRIATE USE OF CHANNELS

Different channels their own strengths and weekness. Choose the channel appropriately.

COMPETENCY OF RECEIVER

In some cases, receiver's will no unknown to topic, which going to receive. But still, get all the information from sender, clarify any doubts then and there. Understand the message and response to it.

NO FEEDBACK

After receiving the information, it's responsibility of recipient to give feedback, so that sender can understand the effectiveness of information transfer,which help to avoid any break down in between the communication process.

2.What are some of the ways a writer can be clear to his reader when developing a research paper ?

Research papers are intended to demonstrate a student’s academic knowledge of a subject.Before starting with research paper, the writer should covered the following criteria,

*Understanding subject

*Formulating ideas for paper

*Developing a thesis statement

*Speaking about topic with authorities

*Usage of language should be appropriate to the readers.

*Relevant topics

A good research paper should always fulfill a framework, that can attract the readers as well as community.

▪ INTRODUCTION

Introduction by which we introduce the background and context of the topic.

*Set the context

*State why main idea is important

*State your main thesis /claim

▪ THE BODY

Here where the outline of the topic will come as handy includes supporting arguments for each point we make, and present a strong point first, followed by an even stronger one, and finish with strongest point.

▪ CONCLUSION

Wrapping the statement. Most research papers conclude with a restated thesis statement Briefly summarize the points made.

Thorough research, thoughtful organization and presentation, and attention to detail in developmental and final line edit will help you to make successful research paper.