Question

Science and the scientific method is essentially a public process including peer review and discussion. Explain how the peer review and discussion process relates to hypotheses and theories. Be sure to also explain the difference between a hypothesis and a theory in your answer.

Answer 1

Ans .Peer review is defined as a process of subjecting an author's scholarly work, research or ideas to the scrutiny of others who are experts in the same field. It functions to encourage authors to meet the expected high standards of their discipline and to control the dissemination of research data to ensure that unwarranted claims, unacceptable interpretations or personal views are not published without prior expert review.

Peer review also supports and maintains integrity and authenticity in the advancement of science. A scientific hypothesis or statement is generally not accepted by the academic community unless it has been published in a peer-reviewed journal.

The purpose of discussion is to interpret and describe the significance of the findings in light of what was already known about the research problem being investigated and to explain any new understanding or insights that emerged as a result of study of research problem.

Difference between Theory and Hypothesis :-

A Scientific theory is a general explanation that applies to a wide range of situations and examples.

In science, a theory is well-substantiated, unifying explanation for a set of verified, proven factors.

A Hypothesis is only a suggested possible outcome, and is testable and falsiable.

A Hypothesis is a testable explanation of an observed event. New data that contradicts a hypothesis may lead to a new scientific explanation. The hypothesis is changed.