Question

For C++

• Make a function that swaps the values that change the values between the parameters as the following rule.

• The functions swap takes 2, 3 or 4 parameters and these functions are implemented as the overloading functions.

  • swap(int &, int &) : change the values each other.
    swap(int &, int &, int &) : change the value with the order. [min, medium, max]
    swap(int &, int &, int &, int &) : change the value like circular-shift-right [A, B, C, D] = > [B, C, D, A]
  • For Example,
    • num1 = 15; num2 = 5; num3 = 30; num4 =40;
    • swap(num1, num2);
      • num1 will be 5 and num2 will be 15
    • swap(num1, num2, num3)
      • num1 will be 5, num2 will be 15, and num3 is 30
    • swap(num1, num2, num3, num4)
      • num1 is 5, num2 is 30, num3 is 40 and num4 is 15

Answer 1

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void swap(int &a, int &b) {
// Switching the given variables with the help of a temporary variable.
    int temp = a;
    a = b;
    b = temp;
}
void swap(int &a, int &b, int &c) {
    int mini, medi, maxi;

    // Finding the smallest, intermediate and largest element.
    if (a > b && a > c) {
        maxi = a;    // A will be the largest number.
// The ternary operator first checks the condition
// If the condition is true, the code before the colon (:) gets into the consideration
        medi = (b>c ? b : c);   // Since a is already the largest, if b > c, then b will be the second largest
        mini = (b > c ? c : b); // Similarly this operates
    }
// Similarly the below cases operate.
    else if (b > c) {
        maxi = b;
        medi = (a > c ? a : c);
        mini = (a > c ? c : a);
    }
    else {
        maxi = c;
        medi = (a > b ? a : b);
        mini = (a > b ? b : a);
    }
    a = mini;
    b = medi;
    c = maxi;
}

void swap(int &a, int &b, int &c, int &d) {
   // Switching the elements one by one.
    int temp = a;
    a = b;
    b = c;
    c = d;
    d = temp;
   
}

int main() {
   // Call the main as per the requirement.
}

The above program has three overloading swap functions, first one takes two parameters , second takes three parameters and third takes four parameters.