Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

1. Enterochromaffin-like cells of the gastric mucosa can be triggered to release histamine. Histamine, in this...

1. Enterochromaffin-like cells of the gastric mucosa can be triggered to release histamine. Histamine, in this case, causes nearby parietal cells of the stomach lining to produce hydrochloric acid. The effect of histamine on parietal cells would best be described as a(n) ________.

a. paracrine

b. autocrine

c. exocrine

d. second messenger

2. Which of the following statements is true of amino acid-based hormones?

a. They are lipid soluble.

b. They are synthesized from cholesterol.

c. They require a receptor in the plasma membrane.

d. They cross the plasma membrane.

3. Cyclic AMP (cAMP), diacylglycerol (DAG), inositol triphosphate (IP₃), and calcium ions can serve as second messengers.

a. True

b. False

4. Which of the following is NOT a component of the cyclic AMP signaling mechanism?

a. G protein

b. hormone receptor

c. effector enzyme

d. steroid

5. The effect of a hormone on a target cell may be decreased by the presence of ________.

a. plasma membrane receptors

b. synergistic hormones

c. antagonistic hormones

d. permissive hormones

6. Hormones that bind to plasma proteins ________.

a. are usually water soluble

b. must also bind to plasma membrane receptors

c. are usually made of amino acids

d. are usually synthesized from cholesterol

7. Which of the following is correctly matched?

a. zona reticularis gonadocorticoids

b. zona glomerulosa epinephrine and norepinephrine

c. adrenal medulla glucocorticoids

d. zona fasciculata mineralocorticoids

Please answer the questions with a, b, c or d as the answers wont really need explanations. Thanks

Solutions

Expert Solution

1. A. Praacrine

Autocrine act on self cell
Paracrine signal act on adjacent cell
Exocrine act on faraway cell

2. C. They require receptor in plasma membrane

3. A. True

4. D. Steroid

Steroid hormone don't use secondary messenger like cAMP because they act at nuclear level

5. C. Antagonist hormone

Antagonist block the effect of a response

6. D. Are usually synthesized from cholesterol

Hormone made of cholesterol are water insoluble and thus they require binding protein for their transport in plasma

7. A. Zona reticularis gonadocorticoid

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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