Question

I want a word document writing on breast cancer covered with - (How mitosis begins, mutation continues, when stayed how it is breast cancer.)

2 to 3 citations would be fine. APA FORMAT

Thanks in advance

Answer 1

Breast cancer = Breast cancer is defined as a malignant tumor that originated from the inner lining of milk ducts the lobules called Breast cancer or also known as ductal carcinoma.
Brest cancer is the most common of all cancers and is the second most common cause of death in women

Genetic predisposition = it is high when there is mutation of the BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes .

BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 are the tumor suppressor genes.Hereditary breast cancer is seen in younger women and is often bilateral.

** High risk factors for Breast carcinoma =

- Early menarche.

- Late menopause.

- obesity, Atypical lobular hyperplasia.

- Nipple discharge other than milk.

- High dose breast or chest irradiation.

- Estrogen replacements therapy .
- Inherited mutations of BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes.

*** Screening and diagnostic Methods for Breast =
- Breast self examination.

- Clinical breast examination by a physician - Inspection and palpation

- Breast imaging = Breast mammography , USG and MRI.

Breast Biopsy = Fine needle aspiration biopsy.

Stereotatic and ultrasound guided core biopsy.

Open biopsy - Excisional and Incisional biopsy.

Memography = It is the most effective screening method for detection of non palpable and minimally invasive breast cancer.

Breast Biopsy = it is the essential for the confirmation of diagnosis , it is generally done in outpatient department.

**** Treatment of breast cancer =
Most  women with breast cancer in stages 1,2 and 3rd treated with surgery followed by radiation therapy.

Chemotherapy- can be given before & after surgery.

Hormon therapy - tamoxifen is the drug of choice for breast cancer .

HER2 targeted drugs such as trastuzumab and pertuzumab .

Surgery is the main treatment for stage 1st breast cancer - for this mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy is done