Question

what type of mutation causes cancer? and how does it cause cancer?

Answer 1

There are various type of mutations that is leading to the cause of cancer . The two basic types of genetic mutation are acquired mutations and germline mutations . Acquired mutations are common type of mutations that place due to alteration in the DNA of a particular cell in the lifetime of a person . Cancer leads to formation of tumor . Is defined as the mass of undifferentiated and uncontrolled cell . Normal cell has a controlled and differentiating growth . Acquired mutations are also known as sporadic cancer. Acquired mutations and tumor are only present at a specific location and throughout the body . Acquired mutations are not inheritable. Various factors that causes the acquired mutations are :- tobacco , UV radiations , viruses and age . Other type of mutations include germline mutations . They are comparatively less common . A Germline mutation is inheritable and passes from sperm cell or egg to the progeny. It is found throughout the body as it is present in the zygote . As the cell divides it is incorporated into every cell of the body . It passes from one generation to another generation . Usually cancer does not occur due to single mutation . Cancers occurs due to multiple mutations occuring during the lifetime of the individual. Usually older people have more chances of developing of cancer . Point mutations include alteration in a single nucleotide . Example of point mutation is the sickle cell anaemia . Mutations also occurs due to addition, deletion or rearrangement of nucleotides . This leads to the change in nucleotide sequence and formation of a different protein. Basically cancer of two types benign and malignant tumor . Malignant tumor spread from one organ to another via blood streams . Benign tumor stays located to one region or to a specific location only .

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