In: Nursing
Identify a clinical question and apply the PICO format. What model of evidence-based practice would be utilized for the framework of proposed evidence-based practice project?
Clinical question:
Does pain medication administration during surgery incision minimizes the requirement for pain medication twenty-four hours after the operation?
cite and provide the reference
1. Without a well focused question it is very difficult and time consuming to identify appropriate resources and search for relevant evidence. Practitioners of evidence based practice use a specialised format called PICO. It is :-
P- patient problem
I - intervention
C - control or comparison
O - outcome
When we use PICO keep in mind that :-
- patient is a member of population and a person with health problems. So, we include along with age ,gender etc soci economic status, ethnicity etc.
- a comparison is not always present in PICO format.
- outcome must be measurable , as best evidence with statistically significant findings.
- an outcome measures the clinical well being not the laboratory test results .
Example of PICO format of the above clinical question :-
Question type - therapy
Patient problem or population - in post operative patients
Intervention or exposure - administration of pain medication during surgery incision
Comparison or control - not present
Outcome - is reliving pain 24hrs after operation ?
2. Model of evidence based practice :-
Evidence based practice is the integration of research findings , clinical expertise and patient preference to individualized care and promotion of efficient decision making.
Some of the common models that can be used for framework of evidence based practice project are :-
- Lowa model for evidence based practice to promote quality care.
- advancing research and clinical practice through close collaboratio model .
- John Hopkins nursing evidence based practice model
- promoting action on the research implementation in health service framework
3. References - http ://canberra.libguides.com-c php
- http://researchguides.uic.edu -c php
- http://guides.mclibrary.duke.edu- ebm
- http://guides.nyu.edu -c php
- http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- http://voice.ons.org
- http://www.researchgate.net