Complete a concept map for central nervous system: stimulants.

Expert Solution

Central nervous system stimulants used for attention deficit disorder, narcolepsy or excessive sleepiness include methylphenidate, atomoxetine, modafinil, armodafinil and the amphetamines. Stimulants that are no longer used for medical conditions, but that are abused, include cocaine and ecstasy or methylenedioxymetamphetamine.

Amphetamine is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the phenethylamine class that is approved for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Amphetamine is widely abused in sports requiring intense anaerobic exercise where it prolongs the tolerance to anaerobic metabolism. It is addictive, and chronic abuse causes marked behavioural change and sometimes psychosis. Amphetamines stimulate the release of norepinephrine from central adrenergic receptors. At higher dosages, they cause release of dopamine from the mesocorticolimbic system and the nigrostriatal dopamine systems. The half life for adults in the fasted state was found to be 11.25 hr. Sometimes its produces toxicity as the most common presenting symptoms seen are agitation, hallucinations, suicidal behaviour, and chest pain.

Nightingale answered 2 years ago

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