Question

Complete a concept map for a salem sump tube
(CONCEPT MAP PLEASE WITH SHORT ANSWERS)

for decompression. Include: function of the tube, parts of the tube with rationale, reason for tube, and nursing care.

Answer 1

Salem sump tube:

function: . The Salem-sump nasogastric tube is a two-lumen piece of equipment; that is, it has two tubes. ... This nasogastric tube is useful in instilling material into the stomach or suctioning material out of the stomach.  

NG tubes are also available in a larger diameter (e.g., Salem sumps). Large-bore NG tubes can be used for feeding or administering medication, but their primary functions are gastric suctioning and decompression.

>parts of the tube

Salem sump tube: The salem sump tube is a double lumen tube (one for suction and drainage and a smaller one for ventilation) made of clear plastic and has a blue sump port (pigtail) that allows atmospheric air to enter the patient's stomach.

>reason for tube

. The gastric sump tube (salem, ventrol) is a flexible, double lumen tube. It is routinely used for continuous suction. One lumen is used for aspiration and irrigation. The smaller lumen provides a “vent” to the atmosphere.

The advantage of this tube is the presence of the venting lumen, which decreases the occurrence of the tube obstruction.

>Nursing care

Prior to insertion, position the client in High-Fowler’s position if possible.

Use a water-soluble lubricant to facilitate insertion

Measure the tube from the tip of the client’s nose to the earlobe and from the nose to the xiphoid process to determine the approximate amount of tube to insert to reach the stomach

Flex the client’s head slightly forward; this will decrease the chance of entry into the trachea

Insert the tube through the nose into the nasopharyngel area; ask the client to swallow, and as the swallow occurs, progress the tube past the area of the trachea and into the esophagus and stomach. Withdraw tube immediately if client experiences respiratory distress

Secure the tube to the nose; do not allow the tube to exert pressure on the upper inner portion of the nares

Validating placement of tube.

Aspirate gastric contents via a syringe to the end of the tube

Measure ph of aspirate fluid

Place the stethoscope over the gastric area and inject a small amount of air through the NGT. A characteristic sound of air entering the stomach from the tube should be heard

Characteristics of nasogastric drainage:

Normally is greenish-yellowish, with strands of mucous

Coffee-ground drainage – old blood that has been broken down in the stomach

Bright red blood – bleeding from the esophagus, the stomach or swallowed from the lungs

Foul-smelling (fecal odor) – occurs with reverse peristalsis in bowel obstruction; increase in amount of drainage with obstruction.