Question

Discuss the roles of federal, state, and local public health agencies in the development of standards for informatics in healthcare.

Answer 1

Three levels of elected government they are,

• Federal
• State
• Local( muncipal, country etc).

Each has taxing and enforcement powers.

ROLE OF FEDERAL PUBLIC HEALTH AGENCIES

• Overall responsibility for health of population.
• Division of responsibilities for health.
• Policy, financing and regulatory roles.
• State level closer to the community and represents regional issues.
• Provide special services ( labs, technical services).
• Combination of local government, can promote community health interests within state and federal guldelines, funding and accountability.
• Promote Research.
• Bureau( Child health, CDC, FDA etc.)
• Promote inequality between regions of the country.
• Eg : Canada, US, Germany, Argentinia and Nigeria.

Fedaral system in US

1. Constitution in 1776.
2. Executive, legislative and judicial branches.
3. National defence and international relations.
4. Interstate commerc, economic regulation.
5. Food and drug act ( 1906)
6. Social Security Act (1935).
7. Limitd health responsilities at federal level.
8. Incremental steps of intervention.

ROLE OF STATE( PROVINCE, OBLAST) PUBLIC HEALTH AGENCIES

• Cordinate with orther departments.
• Develop fund and supervise standards of LHAs ( Local Health aUTHORITY).
• Legislate and  regulate 'The health and welfare'.
• Planning and priorties.
• Vital statistics.
• Direct services to LHAs( laboratories)..
• Direct services( Diagnosis and Treatment).
• License and supervise health professions, institutions
• Control communicable disease.
• Buidls relationships with social and welfare services.
• Finance health and welfare services eg: NGOs.
• Finance medical care.

ROLE OF LOCAL PUBLIC HEALTH AGENCIES .

• Provide Sanitation - water, sewage and garbage.
• Give business licensing - food, services.
• Zoning, building code and recreation.
• Vital records - births, death, marriage and divorce.
• Welfare services and assistance.
• Direct health services.
• Accident prevention.
• Housing and urban planning.
• Education of public and professional.
• Special services ( TB, STDs, Cancer, Child development, Dental care).