Question

 

Match the abnormal conditions with the descriptions:

Glomerulonephritis            nephrotic syndrome           interstitial nephritis

Polycystic kidney disease              nephrolithiasis          pyelonephritis

Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma:

Kidney stones (renal calculi):

Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules:

Multiple fluid-filled sacs within and on the kidney:

Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney:

Group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine:

Answer 1

1. Glomerulonephritis : Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney

more information :

Glomerulonephritis (gloe-mer-u-low-nuh-FRY-tis) is inflammation of the tiny filters in your kidneys (glomeruli). Glomeruli remove excess fluid, electrolytes and waste from your bloodstream and pass them into your urine. Glomerulonephritis can come on suddenly (acute) or gradually (chronic).

Glomerulonephritis occurs on its own or as part of another disease, such as lupus or diabetes. Severe or prolonged inflammation associated with glomerulonephritis can damage your kidneys. Treatment depends on the type of glomerulonephritis you have.

2.nephrotic syndrome :Group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine

more information :

Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder that causes your body to pass too much protein in your urine.

Nephrotic syndrome is usually caused by damage to the clusters of small blood vessels in your kidneys that filter waste and excess water from your blood. The condition causes swelling, particularly in your feet and ankles, and increases the risk of other health problems.

Treatment for nephrotic syndrome includes treating the condition that's causing it and taking medications. Nephrotic syndrome can increase your risk of infections and blood clots. Your doctor might recommend medications and dietary changes to prevent complications.

3. interstitial nephritis:Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules

more information : Tubulointerstitial nephritis is inflammation of the tubule of the nephron and the surrounding interstitial tissue of the kidney. This is often referred to simply as interstitial nephritis. Pyelonephritis is inflammation of the kidney, usually the renal pelvis, and the urinary tract associated with a urinary tract infection (UTI).

4.Polycystic kidney disease :Multiple fluid-filled sacs within and on the kidney

more information :

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is an inherited disorder in which clusters of cysts develop primarily within your kidneys, causing your kidneys to enlarge and lose function over time. Cysts are noncancerous round sacs containing fluid. The cysts vary in size, and they can grow very large. Having many cysts or large cysts can damage your kidneys.

Polycystic kidney disease can also cause cysts to develop in your liver and elsewhere in your body. The disease can cause serious complications, including high blood pressure and kidney failure.

5. nephrolithiasis :Kidney stones (renal calculi)

more information : Kidney stone disease, also known as nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) develops in the urinary tract. Kidney stones typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream. A small stone may pass without causing symptoms. If a stone grows to more than 5 millimeters (0.2 in), it can cause blockage of the ureter, resulting in severe pain

6. pyelonephritis : Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

more information :

• Inflammation of the renal pelvis (pyelitis) According to the bloodstream infection falls into the renal pelvis often acute common infections: influenza, tonsillitis, typhoid fever, etc., and chronic inflammation of an organ (tonsils, carious teeth, genitals, etc.) can be a source pielita or pyelonephritis.