Question

 

From the following descriptions, name the pathological condition:

 

High blood pressure that results from kidney disease:

 

A cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood:

 

Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood:

 

High blood pressure of unknown cause:

 

Kidneys decrease the excretion of waste due to impaired filtration function:

 

Insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body:

 

Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately or the kidney is resistant to its effect:

 

Answer 1

From the following descriptions, name the pathological condition:

High blood pressure that results from kidney disease:

ANSWER: Renal hypertension

Renal hypertension, also called renovascular hypertension, is elevated blood pressure caused by kidney disease. It can usually be controlled by blood pressure drugs. Some people with renal hypertension can be helped by angioplasty, stenting, or surgery on the blood vessels of the kidney.

A cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood:

ANSWER: Cell carcinoma

The most common kidney cancer in adults is renal cell carcinoma. It forms in the lining of very small tubes in the kidney. Cancers found in the center of the kidney are known as transitional cell carcinoma

Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood:

ANSWER: Wilms' tumor

Wilms' tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a cancer of the kidneys that typically occurs in children. These tumors often grow quite large before causing any symptoms. Children may look healthy and act and play normally

High blood pressure of unknown cause:

ANSWER: Primary hypertension

Most of the time when people have high blood pressure, the cause is unknown. This is called primary hypertension. However, a few people may have something called secondary hypertension. This means that there is an underlying and possibly reversible cause of the high blood pressure.

Kidneys decrease the excretion of waste due to impaired filtration function:

ANSWER: Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis, a group of diseases that cause inflammation and damage to the kidney's filtering units. These disorders are the third most common type of kidney disease. Inherited diseases, such as polycystic kidney disease, which causes large cysts to form in the kidneys and damage the surrounding tissue

Insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body:

ANSWER: Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the body does not produce enough of the hormone insulin, resulting in high levels of sugar in the bloodstream.

Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately or the kidney is resistant to its effect:

ANSWER: Diabetes insipidus

Diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder where your kidneys pass an abnormally large volume of dilute and odourless urine, which can result in dehydration. Diabetes insipidus is caused by problems with a chemical called antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which is also known as vasopressin.