Question

Develop a concept map for type 1 & type 2 DM. Address the following topics related to this condition:

1. Etiologies, risk factors, and comorbidities associated with this condition. Have students focus on the global characteristics.

2. Pertinent assessment findings (what is happening physiologically, psychologically, etc.) explain what the nurse should assess for in terms of each organ system.

3. Diagnostic tests associated with the condition

4. Nurse’s role in caring for the condition (per assessment data in #2)

5. Interdisciplinary teams role(s)

6. Prioritization of treatment/interventions (including pharmacological and insulin management and implications, etc.)

7. Teaching/health promotion for the patient (specifically about nutrition, sick days, survival education, and how to monitor for complications of this condition)

8. Community resources that would benefit the patient

Answer 1

1) Etiology- destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells due to genetic, immunologic, and possibly environmental (viral) factors.
- decreased amount of insulin production.
* Risk factors-obesity,family history,comorbidity factors which associated with diabetes are hypertension and other systemic disorders.
2) Assessment findings-High blood glucose levels(fasting plasma glucose levels more than 120 mg/dL) or random plasma glucose levels more than 200 mg/dL .
3) Diagnostic tests includes blood sugar test(fasting and random),urine test for glucose,glucose tolerance test.
4) Nurses role includes,assessing self-care skills, providing basic education and referring patients for follow-up care after discharge.
5) Inter disciplinary team role includes assess the patient’s and family’s readiness to learn about treatment strategies, assessing the patient’s coping strategies and reassuring the patient and family regarding the condition.
-evaluating the patient situation related to financial status for treatment and family and social support.
6)prioritization of treatment includes-insulin storage,self blood sugar monitoring and self administration of insulin at home.
7)teaching/health promotion-suggest for diabetic diet,regular exercise not more than 20 minutes per day.
-Promote self-care management skills by simplifying and adjusting the treatment regimen,providing positive reinforcement.
-avoid wounds to the legs through educating not to walk without shoes.
8) community resources which benefits the patient are medical camps for diabetic patients and medication facilities.