In: Chemistry
In clinical chemistry, explain what Pyridoxal-5’-Phosphate is, and how does it work?
PLP is the primary biologically active form of vitamin B6, serving as a coenzyme in numerous biologic processes that include tryptophan-niacin conversion (kynureninase), heme synthesis (δ-aminolevulinic acid synthetase), gluconeogenesis (glycogen phosphorylase), neurotransmitter synthesis, and amino acid metabolism (various transaminases and decarboxylases) [3]. In addition, PLP acts as a coenzyme in the catabolism of homocysteine to cystathionine (cystathionine β-synthase) and ultimately cysteine (cystathionine γ-lyase) [3]. As a result, vitamin B6 plays a role in lowering homocysteine levels and its associated risk with atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease [4,5 ], although the clinical evidence of this is somewhat inconsistent. Additionally, low PLP status may be associated with an increased risk for stroke and transient ischemic attack, irrespective of homocysteine levels
As a coenzyme, P5P also participates in many chemical reactions and catalyzes the conversion of many substances in our body. Pyridoxine is required for the proper function of sugars, fats, and proteins in the body. It is also required for the proper growth and development of the brain, nerves, skin, and many other parts of the body.