In glycolysis, the conversion from pyruvate to acetyl CoA is
irreversible, but I found that during the synthesis of FA, acetyl
CoA can be synthesized to citrate -> OAA -> Malate
->pyruvate when Citric acid shuttle, why we cannot say that
pyruvate can turn back to acetyl CoA?
Aerobic Cellular Respiration (getting
energy from food) involves four steps: Glycolysis, the Intermediate
Acetyl CoA Reaction (Prep Reaction), the Citric Acid (Krebs) Cycle,
and the Electron Transport Chain. State:
where each of the four steps takes place in a cell
how many ATP are generated at each step, if at all
what is the starting (ie. glucose or pyruvate) and ending
substance for each step
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the conversion of
pyruvate to acetyl CoA. In this reaction, five cofactors (a)
thiamine pyrophosphate; (b) nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NAD+);
(c) acetylCoA; (d) flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD); and (e)
lipoamide participate at various steps of the reaction. Explain the
role of each cofactor in this reaction. You must use the chemical
structures and electronic properties of the intermediates to
justify your answers.
What is the term for conversion of acetyl CoA into energy in the
form of ATP in the presence of oxygen?
a. oxidative phosphorylation
b. citric acid cycle
c. proton gradient
d. cellular respiration
e. electron-transport chain
In animal tissue, the rate of conversion of pyruvate of
acetyl-CoA is regulated by the ratio of active, phosphorylated
pyruvate dehydrogenase to inactive, unphosphorylated pyruvate
dehydrogenase (PDG) complex. Explain the impact of the following
regulators on the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in
animal tissue extracts when treated with:
- high concentrations of acetyl-CoA
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the reaction
pyruvate → acetyl-CoA (Reaction 0 in the TCA cycle). It is
activated by AMP, CoA and NAD+, but it is inhibited by ATP,
acetyl-CoA and NADH. What is the biochemical logic of this
regulatory mechanism of the citric acid cycle? (In your response,
be sure to address why specific molecules are activators and why
specific molecules are inhibitors)
1) Draw the whole cellular respiration cycle: Glycolysis, Bridge
Step, and Krebs cycle (don't have to draw the molecules, just the
names and all of the intermediates).
The conversion of pyruvate into acetyl CoA uses what enzyme?
Pyruvate Hydrolase
Pyruvate Carboxylase
Lactate Dehydrogenase
Citrate Synthase
None of the above
Jenny’s lungs have an intrapulmonic pressure of 762 mmHg and an
intrapleural pressure of 757 mmHg. Atmospheric pressure is 759
mmHg. What is happening to Jenny?
Jenny is inhaling
Jenny’s ventilation is at a rest
Jenny is exhaling
Jenny is suffocating
None of the above
Which of the following enzymes does ubiquinone transport
electrons to in the ETC?