1. list and compare/contrast the major characteristics of the following microorganisms: fungi, protozoa, algae, bacteria, archaea,...

1. list and compare/contrast the major characteristics of the following microorganisms:
fungi, protozoa, algae, bacteria, archaea, small multicellular animals (helminths, arthropods),
viruses, viroids, prions
2. Compare and contrast the following forms of membrane transport: osmosis (hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic)

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Expert Solution

Ans1

Characteristic features of the following

Characters	monera	protista	fungi
Cell type	prokaryotes	eukaryotes	eukaryotes
Cell wall	non cellulosic (polysaccharide + amino acid)	present in some	present without cellulose
Nuclear membrane	absent	present	present
Body organisation	cellular	cellular	multicellular with loose tissue
Mode of nutrition	autotrophic (chemotropic and photosynthetic) heterotrophic (sporophytic/ parasite)	autotrophic (photosynthetic) heterotrophic	heterotrophic (sporophytic /parasitic)

Protozoa is a subclass of protista these are unicellular organism with heterotrophic nutrition they are believed to be primitive relatives animal

They are subdivided into four category

Amoeboid protozoans, flagellated protozoans, ciliated protozoa and sporozoans

Archaebacteria is the subclass of monera

these are special since they live in some of the most Harsh habitate such as extreme salty area (halophiles)

hot spring (thermoacidophiles) and

marshy area (methanogens)

Characteristic features of virus, viroid and prion

Characteristic features	virus	viroid	prions
Nuclic acid	present ( ss and ds DNA AND RNA)	PRESENT ( ssRNA	ABSENT
PRESENCE OF CAPSID OR ENVELOPE	present	absent	absent
Presence of protein	present	absent	present
Affected by heat	yes	not	not
Affected by radiation	yes	yes	not
Host	bacteria, animal or plant	plants	mammals

Characteristic characteristic features of of small multicellular animal ( helminths and arthoparth)

the main characteristic features that differentiate helminths and arthropoda is the presence of true coelom in arthropoda

While the heliminth have pseudo -coelomates( the body cavity is present but it is not completely lined by mesoderm instead the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches.

Ans 2

osmosis is defined as the passage of water from its higher water concentration to lower water concentration through a semipermeable membrane

Hypertonic solution: A solution that contain higher concentration of solute in the cell

Hypotonic solution a solution that contain lower concentration of solute in the cell

An isotonic solution is a solution that maintain equilibrium between solute concentration inside the cell and the environment means it has equal concentration of solute in both side of the semipermeable membrane or cell

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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