Question

(a.)In post operative care which complications can be occurred in respiratory system for liver cirrhosis or spleenomegaly...(b.what is the nursing intervention to prevent this complication... (c) plan the post operative care and discharge training for a patient diagnose with liver ciirhosis or spleenomegaly (d) is organ transplantation possible for a patient diagnose with liver cirrhosis or spleenomegaly and explain the reason for your answer

Answer 1

a.post operative complication in the respiratory system

: respiratory drive and muscle function are altered,

lung volumes reduced,

atelectasis develops in > 75% of patients

The respiratory system may take 6 weeks to return to its preoperative state after general anesthesia for major surgery

answer b

Promoting adequate ventilation in the postoperative patient is essential to prevent pulmonary complications such as atelectasis, bronchitis or pneumonia.

Nursing interventions at this stage include positioning the patient optimally and the removal of excessive secretions

use of pulse oximetry

Pulse oximetry

Pulse oximetry is commonly used to monitor a patient’s pulse and oxygen saturations - often with good effect.

howevr staff to recognise that the following will prevent an accurate reading:

• Peripheral vasoconstriction

• Shivering

• The use of intravenous dyes

• Dried blood

administration of oxygen therapy

answer 3

After discharge, patients are required to undergo tests and visit the post-transplant clinic every 5-7 days. They should, therefore, stay in the vicinity of the hospital for 4-6 weeks after discharge. The house where the patient would be staying after discharge should be prepared best to prevent the incidence of infections

INFECTION PREVENTION

1. house should be thoroughly cleaned

2. accommodation should be close d to hospital

3.patient encourages to walk rather then whell chair

4.no of visitor should be restricted for a few days

5. avoid contact with pet

6 for 6-month avoid social gatherings and wear a mask

PERSONAL HYGIENE

1. wear a mask

2. trimmed nail frequently

3.dresing should be changed 2 to 3 times a week

4.use waterproof dressing

5 staples should be removed with in 2 to3 week

DIET

high protein diet should be taken for early liver regeneration

answer 4

To meet liver transplant criteria, you must have a liver that is not functioning properly and is beyond the stage that it can be repaired. When your liver is damaged, it grows new tissue to heal itself. When the damage is severe and results in scarring (fibrosis) of the liver, it’s called cirrhosis. Cirrhosis can lead to:

• liver failure
• portal hypertension, where the scarring inhibits blood flow causing pressure to increase in the vein that brings blood to the liver (portal vein)
• hepatocellular carcinoma, or primary liver cancer