Question

You are taking care of a patient who is 24 hours post-operative laparotomy. He is prescribed oxycodone 10 mg every 4 hours as needed for pain.:

• What is the mechanism of action for this medication?
• How will you determine the level of pain the patient is experiencing?
• What are potential side effects of this medication?
• How can the side effects be treated?
• How will you know the patient is becoming tolerant to the medication?

Answer 1

Ans1

Oxycodonen is a belong from phenanthrene derivatives and used to relieve moderate to severe pain. It belong from opiod analgesic class.

Mechanism of action

It alters the perception of end emotional response to in spinal cord and higher levels of CNS by blocking release of inhibitory neurotransmitter such as gammaaminobutyric acid and acetylcholine.

Ans2.

Pain assessment

1. Patient is self reporting

2. Using pain assessment tools include pain scale, picture scale, body diagrams, graphic rating, numerical rating of pain .

3. Asking the ouality, region, onset and understanding of pain.

4. Assess how pain is interfering the general activities, mood, walking ability etc.

5. Providing short form McGill.pain questionar

6. Use the COLDSPA which is condition, onset, location, duration, severity, persistence/pattern, pr associated factors.

Throght these nurse can assess the level of pain experience by patient.

Ans3

Potential Side effects of oxycodone

Dizziness, vomiting, anorexia, dry mouth,

Life threatening -seizures , coma, hepatotoxicity, respiratory depression.

Adverse reactions

CNS- Euphoria, drowsiness dizziness, seizures, twiching, anxiety

CVS- bradycardia, chest pain, hypotension, palpitations.

EENT- dry eyes, lens opacities, miosis, blurred vision, dry mouth

ENDO- inappropriate ADH hormone secretion.

GI- abdominal pain, dypepsia, elevated liver function test, gastritis, hiccups, nausea, vomiting, constipation.

GU- ammenrrhea, erectile dysfunction, oliguria, urinary retention

RESP- dyspnea, respiratory depression.

SKIN- diaphoresis, pruritis, rash.

Ans4.

For GI

asses the symptoms, incree fluid intake and fibrosu diet for constipation and dry mouth.

CNS

Ask the patient dont drive or do alert requiring work. And avoids use of alcohol.

CVS C

Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension.

Respiratory

Encourage for cough, turn and breathe to prevent respiratory depression.

Ans5.

Drug tolerance meaning the drug is no longer effective on the body with current dose. It is not as dependence.

When we get to the drug is tolerannt when it is not effective against the disease or ailments throght which the patient is suffering from. In this case the pain is reduced at the current dose because the client become tolerant of oxycodone the Physician needs to change the medication or increse the dose after assessing the side effects.

FOR ANY DOUBT POST A QUESTIONS IT WILL BE HIGHLY APPRECIATED ?