1- Identify methods of infection control and how it can be applied in the community.

2- Describe the Holistic approach and what benefits it provides.

3- Identify population at risk for communicable diseases and how can they be protected?

A 25-year-old previously well woman presents to doctor’s office with complaints of episodic shortness of breath and chest tightness. She has had the symptoms on and off for about 2 years but states that the have worsened lately, occurring two to three times a month. She notes that the symptoms are worse during the spring months. She has no exercise-induced or nocturnal symptoms. The family history is notable for a father with asthma. She is single and works as an administrative assistant in a high-tech firm. She lives with a roommate, who moved approximately two months ago. The roommate has a cat. The patient smokes occasionally when out with friends and drinks socially, but has not history of illicit drug use. Examination is notable for mild end-expiratory wheezing. The history and physical examination are consistent with a diagnosis of asthma. Pulmonary function tests are ordered to confirm the diagnosis.

1. What are three categories of provocative agents that can trigger asthma? What are some possible triggers in this patient?

2. Describe the early events responsible for the pathogenesis of asthma. How does this result in chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness.

3. Define wheezing. What pathogenetic mechanisms are responsible for this patient’s symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness?

4. What might you expect the results of her pulmonary function tests to be? Why?

A 67-year-old man presents to the doctor’s office with worsening cough, sputum production, and shortness of breath. He has been a cigarette smoker for the past 50 years, smoking approximately 1 pack a day. He has a chronic AM cough productive of some yellow sputum but generally feels ok during the day. He was in his usual state of health until two weeks ago when he developed a cold. Since then, he has had a hacking cough and increased thick sputum production. He also has had difficulty walking more than a block without stopping due to shortness of breath. Physical examination reveals prolonged expiration and audible wheezing. Chest x-ray shows hyperinflation of both lungs with a flattened diaphragm.

1. What are the two major clinical syndromes classified as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? How do they differ?

2. Of the two syndromes above, which is predominant in this patient? What are the epidemiology and predisposing factors for this condition? What is the most important identified genetic risk factor for the evolution of COPD?

3. What might be pulmonary function tests show in this patient since he shows “prolonged expiration” i.e FEV1/FVC?

4. What does ventilation-perfusion mismatch mean? How do arterial blood gases different in chronic bronchitis and emphysema and related it to “pink puffer” or “blue bloater”?

what are pharmacological treatment of acute cough?

You are reinforcing teaching about administering insulin injections. What should they know about giving injection? How will you know if the patient understands how to administer the injection?

Name these components for different types of insulin (Refer to the Davis Drug Guide):

Insulin Aspart,-
NPH Insulin-
Insulin Regular-
Insulin Glargine

• In the primary care setting, discuss how a problem list may be used, and discuss the rationale for maintaining a medication list. Discuss the challenges and benefits of advanced practice registered nurses using social medial sites for professional purposes.Use at least one scholarly source

1- Identify the Epidemiological triangle, and explain the elements.

2- What are communicable diseases, give examples and explain the role of the nurse.

3- Describe Intrinsic and extrinsic factors for infectious agents, provide examples.

4- Explain the purpose of Healthy people 2020 and its benefits.

5- Why is Cardiovascular disease a targeted condition for Healthy People 2020?

1- Identify the Epidemiological triangle, and explain the elements.

2- What are communicable diseases, give examples and explain the role of the nurse.

3- Describe Intrinsic and extrinsic factors for infectious agents, provide examples.

4- Explain the purpose of Healthy people 2020 and its benefits.

5- Why is Cardiovascular disease a targeted condition for Healthy People 2020?

1. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes CoVid-19, belongs to the Coronaviridae family. Viruses under this family have a genome made of single-stranded positive-sense RNA. Is this similar to the viral genome of HIV? If so, do you think that – in theory – they would have similar replication cycles?