Separation Process:

Consider the in-class demonstration problem involving the MeOH/water separation. Suppose that a saturated steam feed was injected into the bottom of column (it is sparged to get good contact with the liquid that is falling down from the tray above its entrance). Take the specifications for the feed to be identical as in the McCabe-Thiele demonstration done in class

(zF = 0.36, F = 216.8 kmol/h). Further, the compositions of the distillate and the bottoms

should be the same as in the demonstration: mole fraction of MeOH is xD = 0.915 and xW = 0.00565. The saturated steam feed is entering at 200 kmol/h.

2.

What are the internal vapour and liquid flow rates now? Are the distillate or bottoms flow rates significantly different compared to the previous case?

What is the actual reflux ratio under these conditions?

What is the equation of the lower operating line now?

Further, determine the number of ideal stages and compare to the demonstration in class. Describe any advantages or disadvantages of using steam injection compared to the previous case

During the very first step of titration of an unknown acid, is it important how much distilled water we add?(after pipetting 10 ml of the unknown acid)

Does it have to be just enough to soak the pH electrode or it is important and we have to be precise with it as it defines the molarity?

THE QUESTION IS ABOUT ACID-BASE TITRATION.

Please answer legibly. Please EXPLAIN your answer. (yes and no is not enough). THANK YOU FOR YOUR HELP.

A steam turbine receives steam from two boilers.

One flow is 5 kg/s at 3 MPa, 700°C and the other flow is 15 kg/s at 800 kPa, 500°C.

The exit state is 10 kPa, with a quality of 96%.

Calculate the efficiency of the turbine and the total power output.

At what rate must heat be supplied to 15.0 kg/s of air, if the temperature is increased from 61.0°C to 650°C?

a) Calculate the rate that heat must be supplied by integrating the heat capacity formula for air.

b) Calculate the rate that heat must be supplied using the specific enthalpy table of gases located in your text by following the steps below. What is the specific enthalpy of air at 61.0°C, if the reference state is pref = 1 atm, and Tref = 25°C? Use the specific enthalpy table of gases in your text for this calculation.

c) What is the specific enthalpy of air at 650°C, if the reference state is pref = 1 atm, and Tref = 25°C. Use the specific enthalpy table of gases in your text for this calculation.

d) Calculate the rate that heat must be supplied to 15.0 kg/s or air.

Any values not given need to be looked up.

A 56.0%/44.0% by volume propane/n-butane mixture is cooled from 375°C to 105°C. FInd the change in ethalpy of this mixture by following the steps below. Assume ideal behavior. a) a) What is the average molar mass of the mixture?

b) What is the change in specific enthalpy of pure propane from 375°C to 105°C?

c) What is the change in specific enthalpy of pure n-butane from 375°C to 105°C?

d) What is the change in specific enthalpy of the mixture from 375°C to 105°C?

e) What is the change in enthalpy of the mixture from 375°C to 105°C in kJ/kg?

Using a value of CA0= 6 mol/liter, prepare a plot of conversion Vs. ktau, for a first-order reaction and a second-order reactionconducted in a CSTR

First, derive an expression for X = f(ktau)and then make the graph.

The graph should cover a range from 0 to 0.95 for X and from 0 to 35 for
ktau. Find the k^tau value, at which the conversion becomes higher for the
first-order reaction than for the second-order reaction.
(b) Explain in your own words why, for a given k tau, a higher conversion is
reached for the second-order reaction at low conversions, while the
opposite is true at high conversions.

An insulated heat exchanger uses geothermal water to heat water for a chemical plant. Water enters the heat exchanger at a rate of 36 kg/s and is heated from 23 ∘∘C to 69 ∘∘C. The geothermal water enters the exchanger at a rate of 41.4 kg/s and at an initial temperature of 130 ∘∘C. The specific heat of the geothermal water is 4.31 kJ/(kg K). Determine the rate of heat transfer between the two streams and the rate of entropy generation for the heat exchange process. (Assume constant specific heats and that neither stream undergoes a phase change during the process.)

rate of heat transfer _____ kW

rate of entropy generation ______ kW/K

answer to part a is 6922.08 kW

The volume of a microbial culture increases according to the formula:

V (cm^3) = 5 - 0.2 t e^t

Where t is the time in seconds. It is requested:

a. The units of the constants 5 and 0.2

b. Calculate the expression for V (in^3) in terms of t (h).

c. The exponential function and its argument must be non-dimensional. In appearance, the given function contradicts two rules and, however, is valid. Explain the paradox.

What are the essential and desirable requirements of materials and property that might be considered to design sport helmet for riding bicycle?

Can you tell me the relationship between mass flow rate, power, and work? What equation etc.

Primary effluent is to be treated by two parallel trains of the complete mixed activated sludge process. Assume average flow conditions, and the primary sedimentation performance is described in question two above. Assume the following for the activated sludge process: i) plant effluent BOD of 8mg/L ii) biomass yield of 0.55kg biomass/kg BOD iii) endogenous decay rate (kd)= 0.04day-1 iv) Solids retention time= 8days v) MLVSS concentration in the aeration tank of 3000mg/L vi) waste and recycle solids concentration of 12,000mg/L a. Determine the aeration tank volume in cubic meters b. Determine the return cycle (recycle) flow rate in cubic meters per day (and in MGD) c. Determine the food to microorganism ratio (F/M) for the aeration tank in kg BOD per day per kg MLVSS d. Determine the design hydraulic detention time in hours

Calculate the neutron separation energy for 16O8 and 17O8

Given:

Vapor–liquid equilibrium data in mole fractions for the system
acetone–air–water at 1 atm (101.3 kPa) are as follows:

Find:

(a) Plot the data as (1) moles acetone per mole air versus moles
acetone per mole water, (2) partial pressure of acetone versus g acetone
per g water, and (3) y versus x. (b) If 20 moles of gas containing
0.015 mole-fraction acetone is contacted with 15 moles of water,
what are the stream compositions? Solve graphically. Neglect water/
air partitioning.

An elementary reaction A to B is reversible and has an equilibrium constant of 10, and a forward rate constant of 1.0 d^-1.

a) Plot the concentrations of A and B as a function of time in a batch reactor that initially contains 10^-3 M each of A and B. Show the data from the initial condition until the concentrations are both changing at an instantaneous rate of less than 10^-5 M per day.

b) Repeat part (a) if the initial concentrations are 2 x 10^-3 M of A and no B.

c) What are the molar concentrations of A and B at equilibrium in part (b)?