What is the importance of salt concentrations during the DNA extraction protocol?

Expert Solution

Ans: DNA molecule is polar due to the presence of the negatively charged phosphate molecule. The presence of phosphate groups also contributes to its hydrophilic nature. Due to the polarity (hydrophilic nature), the DNA molecule is soluble in water.

The DNA molecule comes into the solution when we break open the cell, by removing the cell membrane and then the nuclear membrane. But at this stage being water-soluble, it is not visible. Thus it needs to be precipitated for the extraction.

The salts help in the precipitation of DNA by making it less hydrophilic. The positive ions obtained from the salt binds with the negatively charged phosphate groups on the DNA. In this way, the charge on the DNA molecule is neutralized. Thus the concentration of salt should be selected in such a manner so that we get optimum precipitation of DNA.

DNA is bounded with proteins and the salts also help in the removal of these proteins.

gladiator answered 2 hours ago

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