In: Advanced Math
For any Gaussian Integer z ∈ ℤ[i] with z = a+bi , define N(z) =a2 + b2. Using the division algorithm for the Gaussian Integers, we have show that there is at least one pair of Gaussian integers q and r such that w = qz + r with N(r) < N(z).
(a) Assuming z does not divide w, show that there are always two such pairs.
(b) Fine Gaussian integers z and w such that there are four pairs of q and r that satisfy the division algorithm with N(r) < N(z).