Question

ANSWER THESE IN 650 WORDS.

1. Describe the roles of conventional health care providers.
2. Detail the practice settings that exist across Canada.
3. Explain the purpose of primary health care reform.
4. Describe the structure and function of primary health care groups in Canada.

Answer 1

1.Describe the roles of conventional health care providers.

conventional health care providers is the term for medical products and practices that are not part of standard care. Standard care is what medical doctors, doctors of osteopathy, and allied health professionals, such as nurses and physical therapists, practice. conventional health care is used in place of standard medical care. An example is treating heart disease with chelation therapy (which seeks to remove excess metals from the blood) instead of using a standard approach. Examples of alternative practices include homeopathy, traditional medicine, chiropractic, and acupuncture. Complementary medicine is different from alternative medicine.

2.Detail the practice settings that exist across Canada.

In Canada, the Natural Health Products Regulations (SOR/2003-196) governs the use NHPs to ensure Canadians have access to NHPs that are safe, effective, and of high quality. Any person or company that manufactures, packages, labels, and/or imports NHPs for commercial sale in Canada, must meet the licensing requirements set out in the regulations. To obtain a license, applicants’ detailed information must be given to Health Canada, e.g., medicinal ingredients, source, dose, potency, non-medicinal ingredients, and recommended use(s). Once the product is approved by Health Canada.

It is issued an eight-digit Natural Product Number (NPN) or Homeopathic Medicine Number (DIN-HM) which will be printed on the product label (Health Canada, 2016b). Product labelling ensures easy recognition of the product for purposes of reporting adverse effects. The label must include the following: product namen product license numbern quantity of product in the bottlen complete list of medicinal and non-medicinal ingredientsn recommended use (including purpose or health claim, route of administration, andn dose) any cautionary statements, warnings, contra-indications, and possible adversen reactions associated with the product any special storage conditions (Health Canada, 2016b)n It is important the client knows to inform their health-care practitioner of any adverse reactions to determine next steps and report the product to Health Canada. Reporting adverse reactions allows Health Canada to identify rare or serious adverse reactions, change the product safety information, issue public warnings and advisories, and/or remove unsafe products from the Canadian market

3. Explain the purpose of primary health care reform

Primary health care refers to an approach to health and a spectrum of services beyond the traditional health care system. It includes all services that play a part in health, such as income, housing, education, and environment. Primary care is the element within primary health care that focusses on health care services, including health promotion, illness and injury prevention, and the diagnosis and treatment of illness and injury.

Various Health Canada activities (as well as programs of other federal departments) address the broad spectrum of services and activities which comprise primary health care. This section of the Health Canada website focusses on the health care delivery sector as it pertains to primary health care.

4. Describe the structure and function of primary health care groups in Canada.

By international standards, Canada has a low physician-to-population ratio.1 But the general practitioner-to-population ratio is above the average for member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and is similar to that of the United States, though below that of several other high-income countries.2 Family physicians comprise 51 percent of the physician workforce (Canadian Institute for Health Information 2010c). In 2007, 23 percent of family physicians reported being in a solo practice, while 74 percent said they were in a group or interprofessional practice (College of Family Physicians of Canada et al. 2007a). About half (48.3%) derive 90 percent or more of their professional income from fee-for-service payments; most of the remainder obtain their professional income through a mix of payment types (College of Family Physicians of Canada et al. 2007b).

Ninety-one percent of Canadians say they have a regular source of care, usually a family physician (Canadian Institute for Health Information 2009), although many report difficulty obtaining access to both primary and referred care (Blendon et al. 2002; Canadian Institute for Health Information 2009; Schoen et al. 2007, 2008, 2010). For example, 13 percent say they have difficulty obtaining access to routine or ongoing care (Canadian Institute for Health Information 2009), and 33 percent report that the last time they were sick or needed care, they had to wait six or more days for a doctor's appointment (Schoen et al. 2010). Although obtaining access may be arduous, 76 percent of Canadian adults rate the quality of care they receive from family physicians as excellent or very good (Canadian Institute for Health Information 2009).

Canadians are entitled to choose their own family physician, and because the Canada Health Act prohibits user charges for insured services, medically necessary physicians' services are free at the point of care. Although direct access to specialists is not prohibited, a family physician's referral to specialist care is the norm in Canada, and many provinces discourage direct access to specialists by paying lower fees for nonreferred consultations. The extent and type of arrangements for after-hours care vary regionally and, in traditional fee-for-service practices, are at the physician's discretion.