Question

After its passage, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was eventually challenged in the Supreme Court as violating the freedom of private businesses to refuse service to anyone, including African Americans. The Court, however, ruled that the creation of this landmark legislation was within the authority of congressional power. Congress and the Court agreed that the _____________ clause justified congressional action on this civil rights issues.

	a.	Elastic Clause
	b.	Supremacy Clause
	c.	Privileges and Immunities Clause
	d.	Commerce Clause
		e. Equal Protection Clause States are now prohibited from preventing same-sex couples from getting married due to the Supreme Court's decision regarding which case? a. Bakke vs. The Regents of the University of California b. Obergefell vs. Hodges c. Shelby County vs. Holder d. Bowers vs. Hardwick e. United States vs. Windsor    A law prohibiting _______________ from becoming firefighters would be subject to the rational basis test. a. Catholics b. senior citizens c. women d. African Americans e. people from Latin America    What criterion/a does a political jurisdiction need to meet in order to be identified as a covered area under Section 4 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965? a. the jurisdiction must have used a device (literacy tests, poll taxes, etc.) that was intended to restrict the voting rights of Blacks b. In the past, the jurisdiction must have received at least 7 different fines for violating state electoral rules. c. Less than 50% of the voting age population in that jurisdiction had voted in the 1964 election or were registered to vote in that election. d. both a & c e.    a, b & c Which of the following best describes the current state of affirmative action law in the aftermath of the Fisher vs. University of Texas case (2016)? a. Race can be used as a factor in admission or hiring, and can be the only factor used in certain circumstances. b. Race can be used as a factor, but it cannot be the only factor used in hiring and admission. c. Race can never be used under any circumstances in hiring and admissions. d. Special quotas for different races are allowed. e. The U.S. Congress has authority over what types of affirmative action are legal, and what are not.

Answer 1

1. The correct answer is Option C. The Court, however, ruled that the creation of this landmark legislation was within the authority of congressional power. Congress and the Court agreed that the Privileges and Immunities Clause justified congressional action on this civil rights issues.
2. The correct answer is Option E. States are now prohibited from preventing same-sex couples from getting married due to the Supreme Court's decision regarding United States vs. Windsor.
3. The correct answer is Option B. A law prohibiting senior citizens from becoming firefighters would be subject to the rational basis test.
4. The correct answer is Option D. Both A and C are criterion political jurisdiction needs to meet in order to be identified as a covered area under Section 4 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Please post the other questions separately as we are supposed to answer just one question or four sub parts of the same question.